GI Medicine 5 - Specific Causes of Acute Vomiting/Diarrhoea 1 Flashcards
What are the two parts of the pancreas and what do they do?
Exocrine tissue (acini and ducts) - digestive enzymes of: proteins, carbohydrates and fats
Endocrine tissue (islets) - insulin
What is the pathogenesis of pancreas pathology?
Abnormal fusion of zymogen granules and lysosomes leading to enzymatic activation and pancreatic autodigestion
Which breed is predisposed to pancreatitis?
Miniature Schanuzers
What position may patients with pancreatitis assume due to abdominal pain?
Prayer position
List two effects of end stage chronic pancreatitis.
EPI (exocrine pancreatic insuffiency)
Diabetes mellitus
List 4 parts of the diagnosis of pancreatitis
+/- cholestatic hepatopathy (+/- post-hepatic icterus)
+/- inflammatory changes
+/- increased cPLI/fPLI
+/- imaging changes (ultrasonography/radiography)
How long may the management of acute pancreatitis take?
May take 1 day to 2-3 weeks
What are the three principles of treatment of acute pancreatitis?
Fluid support
Nutritional support
Need to control nausea, vomiting and pain to enable nutritional support
What analgesics shout we use for acute pancreatitis?
Opiods +/- CRIs (lidocaine/ketamine)
No NSAIDS (no benefit for pancreas)
How is canine parvovirus spread and what is it inactivated by?
Faeco-oral spread
Inactivated by formalin and hypochlorite disinfectants
At what age do dogs with canine parvovirus usually present?
3-6 months old
What are the clinical signs of canine parvovirus?
Intestinal crytp necrosis leads to haemorrhagic diarrhoea.
Bone marrow necrosis leads to neutropenia
List four parts of the treatment of canine parvovirus.
Agressive fluid therapy
NO tube trickle feeding, once vomiting controlled (faster recovery/lower mortality)
Control emesis - maropitant/metoclopramide
Antibiotics - if serve h+ diarrhoea and/or neutropenic AMOXICILLIN CLAVULANATE (IV)
List two alternative names for feline parvovirus
Feline panleukopenia
Feline infectious enteritis
