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Gastrointestinal > GIT Pathology 5 (Equine) > Flashcards

GIT Pathology 5 (Equine) Flashcards

1
Q

Which type of teeth do horses have?

A

Brachydont

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2
Q

Define sialorrhea

A

Excessive drooling

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3
Q

What is calculus?

A

Deposition of mineralised supragingival and subgingival plaque formed by mineral and dead bacteria.

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4
Q

In horses what is the main mineral component of calculus?

A

Calcium carbonate

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5
Q

What is dental caries?

A

Demineralization of the inorganic part and enzymatic degradation of the organic matrix

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6
Q

What may oral candidiasis in foals indicate?

A

Immunosuppression

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7
Q

Which infectious agent may be associated with gastric ulceration in horses?

A

Helicobacter

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8
Q

What are the four main factors relating to gastric ulceration?

A

Mucus secretion
Increased acid production
Blood flow
Epithelium regeneration

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9
Q

What species causes parasitic gastritis?

A

Gasterophilus spp. larvae (botflies)

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10
Q

What have larval infestations been associated with?

A

Gastric ulceration, reflux and peritonitis

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11
Q

List the four mechanisms of diarrhoea

A

Malabsorptive
(Hyper)secretion
Altered motility
Increased permeability/effusion

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12
Q

Which age of horse is most commonly affected by clostridium perfringens type C?

A

Neonates

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13
Q

What is the main pathological finding associated with clostridium perfringens type C in the horse?

A

Necrotizing enterotyphlocolitis

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14
Q

Which age of horse does clostridium difficile affect?

A

All age groups

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15
Q

What is the main pathological finding of an equine clostridium difficile infection?

A

Necrotizing enterotyphlocolitis plus submucosal gelatinous oedema colon and caecum.

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16
Q

What age of horse does rhodococcus equi affect?

A

Disease in foals up to 5 months of age.

17
Q

What is the main pathological finding with rhodococcus equi?

A

Pyogranulomatous colitis

18
Q

What is the main species that Lawsonia intracellularis affects?

A

Pigs

19
Q

How is Lawsonia intracellularis infection spread?

A

Faeco-oral route

20
Q

What is the main pathological finding of a Lawsonia intracellularis infection?

A

Proliferative enteropathy causing malabsorption.

21
Q

What age of horses does rotavirus affect?

A

3-4 months

22
Q

What age of horse does cryptosporidium affect?

A

5-6 weeks of age

23
Q

What is the classic lesion associated with equine diarrhoea cause by parasites?

A

Endoarteritis, in particular the cranial mesenteric artery

24
Q

List four intestinal tract neoplasias seen in horses

A

Lymphoma
Adenocarcinoma
Leiomyoma/leiomyosarcoma
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumour (GIST)

Gastrointestinal (37 decks)

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