GI Medicine 7 - Chronic Vomiting and Diarrhoea

Question 1

What measures on a serum biochemistry may evaluate the consequences of the GI disease?

Answer 1

Hypoalbuminaemia
Hypocholesterolaemia
Electrolyte dereangements

Question 2

What test would you perform to exclude exocrine pancreatic insufficiency?

Answer 2

cTLI/fTLI

Question 3

Where is folate (B9) absorbed?

Answer 3

Proximal SI (jejunum)

Question 4

Where is cobalamin (B12) absorbed?

Answer 4

Distal SI (ileum)

Question 5

List three differentials of hypocobalaminaemia

Answer 5

Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency - exclude with TLI
Ileal malabsorption
Dysbiosis

Question 6

How would you supplement cobalamin?

Answer 6

Subcutaneous injections - weekly until normalised (4-6 weeks)
Oral - daily (mega doses)
Check once stopeed 4-6 weeks to ensure holding.

Question 7

Which breed has a high incidence of EPI and antibiotic responsive diarrhoea?

Answer 7

German Shepards

Question 8

Which antibiotics would you use for idiopathic antibiotic responsive diarrhoea?

Answer 8

10mg/kg oxytetracycline PO TID for 4-6 weeks
Could also use: metronidazole, tylosin and ampicillin.

Question 9

Which four breeds have increased prevalence of chronic pancreatitis?

Answer 9

Cocker spaniel
Cavelier King Charles Spanial
Collies
Boxers

Question 10

What causes chronic pancreatitis?

Answer 10

Repeated attacks of acute pancreatitis
Chronic low grade pancreatitis
Duct-centered fibrosis in Cocker Spaniels

Question 11

What are the types of pancreatic neoplasia?

Answer 11

Ductular and acinar adenocarcinoma
Insulinoma
Gastrinoma

Question 12

What animals is ductular and acinar adenocarcinoma seen and what clinical signs are associated with it?

Answer 12

Uncommon in older dogs, rare in cats
Signs predominantly related to pancreatitis +/- pancreatic mass lesion.