S1W3Freu

Question 1

4 key Freud ideas

Answer 1

• The unconscious
• Drives and impulses
• Defence mechanisms
• Structure of the mind

Question 2

Freud’s aims

Answer 2

Idiographic approach

Considers developmental influences

Considers relationships with others

Person as reflexive: seeking meaning, understanding the self

Offers potential for change

Tried to explain causes of behaviour

Question 3

Influences of Freud in western culture

Answer 3

Interpretation of dreams

‘Freudian slips’ revealing true beliefs

First thing you say (‘free association’)

Phallic symbols revealing unconscious desires

Repressing thoughts/memories as unhealthy

Modern emphasis on catharsis (letting it all out)

People as fixated: (anal)

Question 4

The unconscious

Answer 4

3 systems of thought:

Conscious (in awareness)

Preconscious (accessible, but not awareness)

Unconscious (repressed)

Unconscious comes out in dreams, slips, symbols or psychoanalysis.

Question 5

Drives and impulses

Answer 5

Biological forces, represented as ideas.

The sexual instinct, represented as pleasure.

Stages in childhood, depending on location of pleasure (erogenous zones)

Oral (<1): feeding, sucking

Anal (1-3): excretory

Phallic (3-5): genitals, sexual identification with parent

Latency (5-12): impulses repressed

Genital (12+): made associations with a certain gender and seek pleasure

Other drives to do with survival (thirst, hunger) and death (destruction).

Question 6

Repression (defense mechanism)

Answer 6

Motivated forgetting

In denial about something

Typically sexual

Primary (immediate)

Secondary (becomes repressed)

Question 7

Projection (defense)

Answer 7

Unwanted ideas projected on to (therapist/partner

Reveals more about relationship than individual

Question 8

Displacement (defense)

Answer 8

Unwanted ideas taken out on another

Question 9

Sublimation (defense)

Answer 9

Unwanted ideas channelled into socially acceptable practices.

The source of human creativity.

Question 10

Identification (defense)

Answer 10

Becoming like the other e.g. an aggressor.

Stockholm syndrome.

Question 11

Id

Answer 11

Primitive component of personality

Present from birth

Governed by the pleasure principle

Demands instant gratification (food, sex etc.)

Question 12

Ego

Answer 12

Channels energy of the id in constructive ways

Acts on information gathered through perceptual system

Governed by reality principle

Question 13

Superego

Answer 13

Moral branch of personality

Strives for perfection

Derived from parental moral standards

Two components:
o Ego-ideal (rewards)
o Conscience (punish)