Rosh ER review Flashcards
1
Q
Pericardial Tamponade EKG
A
ECG will show low voltage QRS, electrical alternans
2
Q
Pericardial Tamponade tx
A
pericardiocentesis
3
Q
Preserved ability to raise the eyebrows suggests
A
stroke
4
Q
what is the most sensitive finding in cauda equina syndrome?
A
urinary retention
5
Q
sudden, painless, complete loss of monocular vision
- what pathology
A
central retinal artery occlusion
6
Q
which of the following offers a proven mortality benefit in acute coronary syndrome?
A
aspirin
7
Q
True or false: Most cases of adult intussusception are due to underlying malignancy?
A
true
8
Q
What electrocardiogram finding is classically associated with hypercalcemia?
A
short QT interval
9
Q
cardiac abnormality Associated with patients with COPD and the elderly
A
MAT
10
Q
how do you dx testical tortion
A
US
11
Q
what happened to the creammaster reflex with testicaular tortion
A
is becomes absent
12
Q
Vitreous hemorrhage is associated with what pathology
A
DM
13
Q
blood over the iris is
A
Hyphema
14
Q
blood below the iris is called
A
Subconjunctival hemorrhage
15
Q
Hyphema tx’s 2
A
elevate bed
consult
16
Q
what is the MCC of acute pancreatitis
A
gallstones
17
Q
tx for croup
A
steroids, aerosolized epinephrine
18
Q
what is the cause of croup
A
parainfluenza virus
19
Q
methimazole or PTU tx what
A
thyroid storm
20
Q
acute cholangitis AKA
A
ASCENDING
21
Q
what medication is contraindicated in a right ventricular infarction
A
nitro
22
Q
electrical alternans what pathology
A
Pericardial Tamponade
23
Q
what is the MCC of cystitis is ALL populations
A
ecoli
24
Q
what are the three txs for cystitis
A
bactrium
cipro
macrovid
25
How are hemorrhoids treated
Warm baths or sitz baths, stool softeners, laxatives, anal hygiene, topical steroids, and analgesia.
26
what is the MCC of epiglititis
H.influenzae
27
what is the tx for epiglititis
ceftriaxone
28
how do you dx enchephalitis
MRI
29
myxedema coma is a compliaction of what disease
hypothyroidism
30
For pediatric patients with acute ischemic stroke in the setting of sickle cell disease, what is the tx
transfusion
31
resent with acute onset of unilateral pelvic pain which may be accompanied by nausea and vomiting.
ruptured ovarian cyst
32
dx of endometriosis
laparoscopy
33
Endometriosis tx
- NSAIDs
| - OCP
34
lumbar puncture is abnormal, showing a markedly elevated CSF protein with a mild pleocytosis
what pathology
GBS
35
what is the DTR with GBS
decreased
36
GBS cause
Campylobacter jejuni
37
what non neuro system may someone with GBS experience
diarrhea
38
Warfarin is contraindicated in what condition
pregnancy
39
chronic gout tx 2
allopurinol or colchicine
40
acute gout tx 3
- NSAIDs,
- colchicine
- steroids,
41
What is the most common pathogen that causes erysipelas?
strep. pyogenes.
42
The skin can develop a peau d’orange appearance and classically involves the face in a malar distribution.
erysipelas
43
Posterior nose bleeds artery :
Sphenopalatine artery
44
septic arthritis MCC
- N ginnarrhea
| - S.aureus
45
Pericarditis tx
NSAIDs,
| colchicine
46
diffuse ST-segment elevation
| what pathology
Pericarditis
47
what are the positions for Pericarditis
worse when lying back and improved when leaning forward
48
Vulvovaginal Candidiasis PH
< 4.5
49
Spinal Epidural Abscess dx
MRI
50
Spinal Epidural Abscess MCC
staph aureus
51
can pregnant women get permethrin
yes
52
ostromyeltis in sick cell patients is caused by
Salmonella
53
bronchiolitis, MCC
RSV
54
4 meds that will cause a crisis with G6PD
antimalarials,
sulfonamides, n
itrofurantoin
, fava beans.
55
Trigeminal neuralgia tx
Carbamazepine
56
What is the most common cause of myocarditis worldwide?
Trypanosoma cruzi.
57
what does the smere show with G6 PD 2
heinz bodies, presence of bite cells on the smear
58
what is the cooms with G6PD
coombs neg
59
Chronic lithium ingestion may cause
neohrogenic DI
60
neohrogenic DI tx
Treatment is HCTZ, amiloride, indomethacin
61
What artery is typically involved in strokes causing homonymous hemianopsia?
Posterior cerebral artery.
62
contralat paralysis (lower > upper)
Anterior cerebral artery
63
contralat paralysis (upper > lower), aphasia
Middle cerebral artery
64
what region ST elevation in leads II, III, and aVF
inferior
65
V1 - V4: Left anterior descending (LAD)
anterior septal
66
What syndrome closely resembles thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura but is more common in children?
HUS
67
what is the Tx for TTP
plasma exchange with intravenous corticosteroids
68
tx for HELLP) syndrome.
Mag
69
Which of the following causes acute painful loss of vision
Optic neuritis
70
blood and thunder
Central retinal vein occlusion
71
On examination, the retina is edematous and the fovea is seen as a cherry-red spot
Central retinal artery occlusion
72
Optic neuritis associated with what pathology
multiple sclerosis
73
Mc ftacute for compartment syndrome
tibia fracture
74
what is the MC class for Angioedema
ACE
75
Hypercalcemia tx
- IV fluids
| - Bisphospehantes
76
what is the tx for a small penumo
O2
| observation
77
What blood smear abnormality is associated with Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia
Rouleaux formation-Ig- M
| This is also with MM - Ig- G
78
Direct:
Protrudes directly through Hesselbach's triangle and medial to the inferior epigastric artery (IEA)
Bulge decreases upon reclining
Indirect:
Most common type
Protrudes through internal ring, lateral to IEA
Medial to IEA: Direct; Lateral to IEA: Indirect (MDs don't LIe)
good que
79
what is AAA often confused with
renal colic
80
Peptic ulcer disease 2 MCC
- hpylori
| - NSAIDs
81
what type of PUD is decreased with food
- duodeaneal
| DUDe give me food
82
what is teh MC cause of upper GI bleed
- PUD
83
what type of vision loss with Macular degeneration
central vision loss
84
Fundoscopic examination in early disease shows drusen.
- macular degeneration
85
most common cause of parasitic diarrheal infection in the United States.
giardiasis
86
giardiasis tx
metronidazole
87
what is the best test for a kidney stone
non contarst CT
88
what is the best test for acute pylo
- UA
89
how do you tx acute pyko if prego
ceftriaxone
90
miosis means what
pin point puples
91
Bipolar I disorder, also commonly known as manic depression, involves the patient having one or more manic episodes. Often depressive episodes cycle with the mania, although this is not required for diagnosis
- boom
92
what is the tx for SVT 3
Treatment is
vagal maneuvers,
drug therapy (adenosine),
and cardioversion
93
Erythema infectiosum is caused by what virus
parvo B-19
94
Erythema infectiosum can cause an aplastic crisis with people with what condition
sickle cell
95
"machine-like” heart murmur
PDA
96
tx for PDA
idomethacin
97
status epilepticus: seizure lasting more than five minutes or more than two discrete seizures without intervening recovery of consciousness.
Tx 2
- benzos
| - pheno barbital
98
Hepatic Encephalopathy Tx
lactulose
99
what is the MC location (artery) for mesenteric ischemia
SMA
100
what is the tx for malet finger
extension splint
If it goes longer than 12 weeks you will need tenson reconstruction
they are at risk for swan neck deformity
101
Bullous Pemphigoid
Patient will be older than 60-years-old
Complaining of intensely pruritic papules that became large, tense blisters/bullae
PE will show tense and firm blisters that do not extend with lateral pressure (Nikolsky sign negative)
Most commonly caused by chronic autoimmune blistering disease
Treatment is corticosteroids and immunosuppressants
truth
102
phemphagus vulgaris
| does is have a Nikolsky sign
yes
| this is is patients 20-40
103
what has Kussmaul breathing
DKA
104
is the first line treatment for a hypertensive patient with an aortic dissection
Esmolol
105
CXR will show widened mediastinum
aortic disection
106
honey crusted lesions
impetigo
107
impetigo tx
mupirocin
