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Anatomy (ME) > Ribs and Lungs > Flashcards

Ribs and Lungs Flashcards

1
Q

What are the external intercostal muscle involved in?

A

expansion of the chest during inhalation

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2
Q

What are the internal intercostal muscles involved in?

A

compression of the chest during expiration

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3
Q

What boney structure lie subcutaneously in the anterior chest wall?

A

Clavicle and sternum

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4
Q

Using a stethoscope to listen to valves what is in the 2nd intercostal space?

A

aorta and pulmonary semi lunar valves.

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5
Q

Using a stethoscope to listen to valves what is in the 4th and 5th intercostal space?

A 
4th = tricuspid valve
5th= mitral valve
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6
Q

What 3 parts make up the pleural cavity?

A
  1. Parietal pleura
  2. serous fluid
  3. Visceral pleura
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7
Q

What does the right main bronchus divide into?

A

Superior lobular bronchus

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8
Q

Inhalation of food is like to happen in which lung and why?

A

Right lung because the main bronchus is vertical, bigger and shorter

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9
Q

The left lung splits into how many lobes?

A

Superior and inferior lobe

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10
Q

How many fissures on the left lung?

A

1 fissure called the oblique fissure on the 6th rib

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11
Q

How many lobes does the right lung split into?

A

3 lobes

  1. superior lobe
  2. middle lobe
  3. inferior lobe
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12
Q

How many fissures are there on the right lung and what are the names?

A

2 fissures
oblique fissure
horizontal fissure

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13
Q

What is the location of the oblique fissure on the right lung?

A

6th rib

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14
Q

What is the location of the horizontal fissure on the right lung?

A

4th rib

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15
Q

How many surfaces of the lungs are there?

A

3 surfaces

  1. costal surface
  2. mediastinal surface
  3. diaphragmatic surface
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16
Q

What splits at the sternal angle under the sternum?

A

the trachea into bronchus

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17
Q

What is the parasympathetic innervation of the lungs?

A

Vagus nerve

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18
Q

What is the sympathetic innervation of the lungs?

A

Phrenic nerve

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19
Q

What does parasympathetic innervation of the lungs do?

A

Vasodilation and bronchoconstriction

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20
Q

What does sympathetic innervation of the lungs do?

A

vasoconstriction and bronchiodilation

21
Q

How would you locate the apex of the lung?

A

3cm above from the clavicle

22
Q

What is the diaphramgn made up of and what is it involved in?

A

Smooth muscle- involuntary control

Skeletal muscle- voluntary control

23
Q

At what level does the inferior vena cava cross the diaphragm?

A

T8

24
Q

At what level does the oesophagus cross the diaphragm?

A

T10

25
Q

At What level does the aorta cross the diaphragm?

A

T12

26
Q

What are the 3 types of ribs?

A
  1. True ribs
  2. False ribs
  3. Floating ribs
27
Q

At what level does the azygos vein cross the diaphragm?

A

T12

28
Q

At what level is the angle of Louis found?

A

T4/T5

29
Q

Where does the 1st rib attach?

A

Supersternal notch

30
Q

What does the attachment of the 2nd rib form?

A

Angle of Louis

31
Q

What kind of joint is the sternoclavicular joint?

A

Synovial joint

32
Q

What is the space between the lung called?

A

Mediastinum

33
Q

How is the mediastinum of the lung split into?

A
  1. Superior (between the thoracic inlet and the angle of louis)
  2. Inferior
    a) anterior
    b) middle
    c) posterior
34
Q

What can be found in the anterior mediastinum of the lungs?

A

Thymus gland which is responsible for producing lymphocytes

35
Q

What can be found in the middle mediastinum of the lungs?

A

The heart

36
Q

What can be found in the posterior mediastinum of the lungs?

A

The aorta and oesophagus

37
Q

At what level does the trachea bifurcate?

A

T4/T5 angle of louis

38
Q

What structure lies behind the trachea

A

Oesophagus

39
Q

What kind of cells like the airways?

A

Pseudostratified epithelium

40
Q

What kind of pain will be caused by irritation to viscera?

A

Dull pain

41
Q

What kind of pain will be described by the patient when there is irritation to the parietal?

A

Specific, well localised and sharp pain

42
Q

What structures run through the hilum of the lungs?

A 
Main bronchus 
pulmonary artery
2 pulmonary veins
bronchial artery
Lymphatic vessels
pulmonary plexus - vagus and sympathetic nerves
43
Q

How does contraction of the diaphragm assist in returning blood to the heart?

A

Net effect

contraction decreases intra-thoracic pressure and increases infra abdominal pressure

44
Q

What is the sensory and motor innveration to the diaphragm?

A

sensory and motor are the phrenic nerve

spinal cords c3,4,5

45
Q

What is the surface marking of the lowest part of the lung mid-clavicular?

A

6th rib

46
Q

What is the surface marking of mid-axillary of the lung?

A

8th rib

47
Q

What is the posterior surface marking of the lung?

A

10th rib

48
Q

What is the thoracic duct?

A

it is the main lymphatic channel draining lymph from lower half of the body.

49
Q

Where does the thoracic duct join the vascular system?

A

Junction of the left subcalvin and internal jugular vein

Anatomy (ME) (23 decks)

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