Heart Flashcards
What does the heart sit in?
A pericardial sac that is lined by the pericardium.
Its filled with pericardial fluid that lubricates and allows smooth pumping of the heart
Where would you locate the heart?
On the left, mid-clavicular 5th intercostal space
What is located on the right hand border of the heart?
The right atrium
What is located on the front border of the heart?
Right ventricle
What is located on the left border of the heart?
Left ventricle
What structure forms the posterior border of the heart?
Left atrium
What is the name of the valves between the right atrium and ventricle?
Tricuspid valve
How many pulmonary arteries are there?
2
How many pulmonary veins are there?
4
What is the name of the valve between the left atrium and ventricle?
Mitral valve
Where does the right side of the heart pump blood too?
The lungs
Where does the left side of the heart pump blood too?
The body
What artery is referred to as the widow maker?
Left anterior descending
What do the papillary muscle attach too?
The chordae tendineae
Do the papillary muscle attach to the valves?
NO
What is the name of the structure in foetal development that forms a shunt between the left and right atrium of the heart?
Foramen ovale
What structure is found in the right atrium that involves the fusion of the foramen ovale?
Fossa ovale
What are the names of the series of irregular muscular elevations found on the right ventricle?
Trabeculae carnae
What are the 2 branches of the left coronary artery?
Left anterior descending
Circumflex artery
What is the ductes arteriosus?
It is a shunt between the pulmonary artery and aorta.
It carries blood from pulmonary arteries into the aorta before the lungs have developed in the foetus.
What is the ligamentous arteriosus?
it is the closing of the ductus arteriosus after birth.
All blood then passes from the right ventricle to the lungs.
What are the 2 main branches of the common carotids?
External common carotid
internal common carotid
What does the external common carotid artery supply?
The face and neck
What does the right common carotid supply?
Most of the cerebral hemisphere
What are the roots of the phrenic nerve and why are they clinically important?
C3, 4, 5
pain affecting the diaphragm is felt at the side of the neck and shoulder tip
What 6 structures are supplied by the vagus nerve?
pharynx larnyx heart lungs forgut midgut
What are the 8 vessels that connect the heart to other structures?
Aorta pulmonary artery 4 pulmonary veins superior vena cava inferior vena cava
How does the pericardium contribute to reduction of ventricular filling?
Made up of fibrous tissue and therefore resistant to stretching and restricts max end diastolic volumes
How many cusps on the tricuspid valve?
3 cusps
How many cusps on the mitral valve?
2 cusps
Describe the order of r how valves connect to the heart muscles?
Valve
cordae tendinea
papillary muscles
What are the cusps of the heart made up of?
Fibrous tissue covered in endothelial that are flexible
What is involved in the conducting system of the heart?
The atroventricualr node found in the atrial septum
What are the names of the fibres that travel down the ventricular septum and down the apex of the heart?
Purkinje fibres
What is the blood supply of the sino-atrial node?
Right coronary artery (60%)
What is the blood supply of the atrioventricular node?
Posterior intraventricular artery
What is the location of the sino atrial node?
Located on the cristea terminals
What structures drain into the azygous vein?
Lateral and posterior chest wall
lateral and posterior abdominal wall
