Rheumatology Flashcards
Methotrexate s/e
Hepatotoxicity
What is systemic sclerosis ?
Autoimmune connective tissue disorder
Treatment for systemic sclerosis
CCBs, avoid changes in temperature
Sx systemic sclerosis
C = calcinosis R = Raynaud's E = oesophageal dysmotility S = sclerodactyly T = telangieostasia
What is Marfan’s syndrome ?
Mutation in fibrillin-1 gene
Dx Marfan’s
Ct
treatment for Marfan’s
B blockers
ECG
Sx Marfan’s
Long thumbs and arm
Aortic dissections
Hypermobility
Sx gout
Swelling and flare ups
Erythema
1st MTP affected first
Treatment for gout
Allupurinol and colchicine
Ix gout
-vely birefringent needle shaped urate crystals
Sx pseudo gout
Knee, wrist and shoulders mainly affected
Chondrocalcinosis
Ix pseudo gout
+ve birefringent rhomboid shaped crystals
Management of pseudo gout
Aspirate join fluid and steroids
What are the crystals made of in pseudo gout
Calcium phosphate
Reactive arthritis sx
Can’t see = conjunctivitis
Can’t pee = urethritis
Can’t climv a tree = arthritis
Which HLA is associated with reactive arthritis
HLA-B27
Treatment for reactive arthritis
Rest
NSAIDS
DMARDs
HLA for ankylosing spondylitis
HLA B27
Sx ankylosing spondylitis
Pain in bum/lower back
Pain decreases with exercise
Spinal stiffness
IBD
Dx ankylosing spondylitis
Pain with pressure on sacrum
<30 with morning stiffness >30 mins
Investigations ankylosing spondylitis
Sacroilitis in early stages
Bamboo spine in late stages
Treatment ankylosing spondylitis
Exercise and NSAIDs
What is poly myalgia rheumatica
Inflammation of shoulders, neck and pelvis
Sx polymyalgia rheumtica
Morning stiffness, distal joints initially spared, bilateral pain
Treatment for polymyalgia rheumatica
Steroids
What is giant cell arteritis
Inflammation of medium-large arteries
Sx giant cell arteritis
Headaches, vision loss, scalp and jaw pain
Treatment for giant cell arteritis
Prednisolone
What is fibromyalgia?
Pain all over body
Sx fibromyalgia
Morning stiffness
Analgesia ineffective
Pain worse with stress/cold etc
Dx fibromyalgia
Pain in 11/18 specified places
Management fibromyalgia
Pregabalin, duloxetine and amitriptyline
What is Ehler’s dances syndrome
Connective tissue disorder due to defective collagen synthesis
Sx Ehler-danlos
Flat feet
Poor healing
Aneurysms
Most common subtype of Ehlers danlos
Vascular subtype (collagen 3) Easy bruising and aneurysms
What is the classical subtype of ehler’s danlos
Hyperelastic skin = collagen 3
Treatment ehler’s danlos
No treatment
What is Behcet’s syndrome?
Autoimmune inflammation of arteries and veins
HLA associated with Behcet syndrome
B51
Sx Behcet syndrome
Oral ulcers, painful genital ulcers and anterior uveitis
Treatment for Behcet’s syndrome
Steroids and colchicine
What is SLE ?
Autoimmune connective tissue disease
Sx SLE
Photosensitive rash on face Malaise Fever Arthritis Nephrosis
Mx SLE
NSAIDs or DMARDS
