Paediatric infectious disease

Question 1

Bronchiolitis sx

Answer 1

Coryza and wheeze

Question 2

causative organism bronchiolitis

Answer 2

RSV

Question 3

tx bronchiolitis

Answer 3

supportive - only admit if difficulty breathing

Question 4

sx croup

Answer 4

barking / seal-like cough

stridor

Question 5

causative organism croup

Answer 5

parainfluenza virus

Question 6

tx croup

Answer 6

dexamethasone and adrenaline

Question 7

sx whooping cough

Answer 7

whooping cough

Tuens blue when coughing sometimes

Question 8

causative organism whooping cough

Answer 8

bordatella pertussis

Question 9

tx whooping cough

Answer 9

azithromycin

Question 10

sx epiglottitis

Answer 10

dysphagia, discomfort and drooling

Question 11

causative organism epiglottitis

Answer 11

haemophilus influenza B

Question 12

tx epiglottitis

Answer 12

admit under Ent urgently

Question 13

disease causing steeple sign on CXR

Answer 13

croup

Question 14

measles sx

Answer 14

Koplik spots, fever, conjunctivitis

Question 15

mx measles

Answer 15

self-resolving but 10-12 days isolation

Question 16

scarlet fever sx

Answer 16

lethargy, sore throat, strawberry tongue

Question 17

scarlet fever tx

Answer 17

penicillin, return to school 24h after antibiotics start

Question 18

slapped cheek sx

Answer 18

rapid onset red rash on cheeks

Question 19

slapped cheek cause

Answer 19

parvovirus b19

Question 20

slapped cheek tx

Answer 20

self-resolves

Question 21

cause of roseola

Answer 21

hhv-6

Question 22

roseola cause

Answer 22

hhv-6

Question 23

Tb sx

Answer 23

night fever, sweating, haemoptysis, recent travel abroad, hilarious adenopathy

Question 24

sx scarlet fever

Answer 24

<10 y/o
sore throat, malaise, GI upset
fever
sand-paper rash 
strawberry tongue
cervical lymphadenopathy

Question 25

tx scarlet fever

Answer 25

phenoxymethylpenicillin

Question 26

sx kawasaki

Answer 26

fever, athralgia, unilateral cervical lymphadenopathy

raised WBC, anaemia, high LFTs

Question 27

tx kawasaki

Answer 27

IV IG

aspirin

Question 28

Haemolytic disease of the newborn (Rh)

Answer 28

Rh - mother gives birth to +ve baby

Question 29

mx for haemolytic disease of the newborn - rh incompatibility

Answer 29

phototherapy and prevention with anti- D

Question 30

sx G6PD

Answer 30

family history of jaundice/anaemia

dark urine

Question 31

ix g6PD

Answer 31

-ve Coombs
anaemia
high LDH and serum bilirubin

Question 32

tx g6pd

Answer 32

phototherapy and supportive

Question 33

haemolytic disease of the newborn ABO sx

Answer 33

type O mother gives birth to A or B infant
family history of jaundice
trauma during pregnancy or birth

Question 34

hereditary spherocytosis sx

Answer 34

anaemia
pallor
jaundice 
splenomegaly 
hydros fetalis

Question 35

sx duodenal atresia

Answer 35

Down’s syndrome
bilious vomiting
no BM after first few meconium stools
upper abdo swelling

Question 36

tx duodenal atresia

Answer 36

surgical

Question 37

sx hischprung’s disease

Answer 37

male, Down’s syndrome, explosive passage of vomit/diarrhoea

failure to thrive

Question 38

meconium ileus sx

Answer 38

CF, green bilious vomit, no meconium passage

Question 39

ix meconium ileus

Answer 39

antenatal ultrasound and soap bubble on AXR

Question 40

neonatal sepsis sx

Answer 40

infection, tachypnoea, bradycardia, altered behaviour

mottled skin and cyanosis

Question 41

tx neonatal sepsis

Answer 41

antibiotics and antivirals