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AMK > Orthopaedics > Flashcards

Orthopaedics Flashcards

1
Q

Sx osteosarcoma

A

Dull bone pain worse at night

Sunburst appearance on x-ray

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2
Q

Age range affected by osteosarcoma and why

A

Younger people - occurs before growth plates fuse

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3
Q

Where does osteosarcoma occur

A

Distal femur and proximal tibia

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4
Q

Cause of osteomyelitis

A

Infection of bone from staph aureus

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5
Q

Symptoms of osteomyelitis

A

recent trauma
constant bone pain
lump
systemic sx from infection - fever etc

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6
Q

Ix osteomyelitis

A

MRI

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7
Q

Treatment osteomyelitis

A 
Children = cefazolin
Adults = flucloxacillin
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8
Q

Sx Paget’s bone

A

Constant achey bones
Warm bones
Hearing loss
Heart failure

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9
Q

Ix Paget’s bone

A

high ALP

normal calc and phos

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10
Q

Tx paget’s bone

A

Biphosphonates

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11
Q

Sx bony metastases

A

Hx of cancer

Raised calcium

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12
Q

Sx chondrosarcoma

A

Painful, growing mass in the axial skeleton

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13
Q

Tx chondrosarcoma

A

Excision

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14
Q

What is SUFE?

A

Epiphyseal fracture means femoral head moves out of position

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15
Q

At risk category for SUFE

A

Obese boys 10-16

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16
Q

Sx SUFE

A

Reduced abduction and flexion

Leg is externally rotated

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17
Q

Tx SUFE

A

Internally rotate

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18
Q

Sx Perthe’s disease

A

Hip pain and reduced movements

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19
Q

Tx Perthe’s disease

A

Bed rest, NSAIDs

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20
Q

At-risk category of Perthe’s disease

A

4-7 boys

21
Q

Sx transient synovitis of hip

A

Acute onset hip pain relieved with rest

22
Q

At-risk category transient synovitis of hip

A

4-10 years old, post URTI

23
Q

Tx transient synovitis of hip

A

Paracetamol and NSAIDs

24
Q

what is Osgood-Schlatter’s disease?

A

overuse condition in paediatric males

25
Q

Osgood-schlatter sx

A

warm and tender knee, swelling over tibial tuberosity

26
Q

tx osgood schlatter

A

conservative

27
Q

sx knee ligament damage

A

swelling, pain and inability to weight bear

28
Q

test for ACL and PCL tear

A

drawer’s test (a and p respectively)

29
Q

test for LCL tear

A

varus

30
Q

test for mcl tear

A

valgus

31
Q

mx knee ligament damage

A

protect, rest, ice, compress/crutches, elevation and rehab

32
Q

what is chondromalacia patallae

A

overuse in teenage girls after lots of exercise

33
Q

sx chondromalacia patellae

A

grinding in knee when flexed, worse when on stairs

34
Q

ix chondromalacia patellae

A

MRI

35
Q

tx chondromalacia patellae

A

conservative

36
Q

what is prepatelar bursitis

A

common in roofers/tradesmen - presents as swollen patella

mx is conservative

37
Q

sx meniscal tear

A

popping sound
worse on flexion
pain over lateral/medial patella
no weight bearing

38
Q

ix meniscal tear

A

mc Murray and MRI

39
Q

anterior hip dislocation

A

lengthened and externally rotated leg

40
Q

tx hip dislocation

A

closed reduction <6h

41
Q

posterior hip dislocation sx

A

internally rotated and shortened leg

42
Q

cause of posterior glenohumeral dislocation

A

seizures/electricl shocks

43
Q

cause of anterior glenohumeral dislocation

A

rugby/football

44
Q

mx displaced NOF fracture

A

arthroplasty

45
Q

mx undisplayed NOF fracture

A

cannulated screws

46
Q

management for intertrochanteric fracture

A

dynamic screw

47
Q

management for extratrochlear NOF fracture

A

inter medullary nail

48
Q

reactive arthritis

A

post infection - campylobacter
anterior uveitis
methotrexate

AMK (33 decks)

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