Pharmacology Flashcards
Sx paracetamol overdose
N+V, jaundice, RUQ pain
Tx paracetamol overdose
Activated charcoal if within 1hr and then acetylcysteine if longer or if indicated by plasma paracetamol levels
Opioid antidote
naloxone
Methanol antidote
Ethanol or fomepizole
Benzo antidote
Flumenazil
TCA overdose antidote
Bicarbonate
Aspirin overdose antidote
Bicarbonate
B Blockers antidote
Atropine
Ethylene glycol antidote
Fomepizole
Organophosphate antidote
Atropine
Reversing heparin
Protamine sulphate
Reversing dabigatran
Idarucizumb
Reversing rivaroxaban
Andexanet alfa
Reversing apixaban
Andexanet alfa
ACEi MOA
Stops angiotensin conversion from 1-2 by inhibiting ACE enzyme
Angiotensin 2 is a vasoconstrictor
S/e ACEi
Cough, hyperkalaemia, angioedema
B-blockers MOA
Antagonise B receptors = reduced BP
C/I B blockers
Asthmatics
Side effects B blockers
Erectile dysfunction, psoriasis
CCB e.g.
Amlodipine
CCB MOA
Calcium needed in cells for contraction - blocking this dilates arteries
S/E CCB
Flushing, headache, ankle swelling
Furosemide s/e
Hypokalaemia
Spironolactone MOA
Aldosterone antagonist - increased sodium and water excretion
Spironolactone s/e
Hyperkalaemia and gynaecomastia
Antidepressant causing long QT
citalopram
Side effect of carbimazole
agranulocytosis
How does agranulocytosis present
Suppression of immune system - sore throat
What is carbimazole used for?
Grave’s
quinolones and long QT
quinolones (anti-malarial) cause long QT which puts you at risk for ventricular fibrillation
cause of clubbing
inflammatory conditions like crohns
adverse effect of gentamicin
ototoxicity
B-lactam e.g.s
carbanepems, cephalosporins, penicillins