Dermatology Flashcards
What is pityriasis rosea?
A widespread rash following an oval patch of scaly skin
How long does pityriasis rosea last for?
6-12 weeks
Treatment pityriasis rosea
Emollient
Topical steroid - hydrocortisone
Symptoms of pityriasis rosea
Herald patch
Trunk affected
Erythematous, scaly patches
Itchy
What is pityriasis veriscolor?
Infection by malassezia fungi
Treatment pityriasis veriscolor
Fluonazole (against malassezia)
Symptoms pityriasis veriscolor
Dry, scaly rash
Well demarcated
Trunk affected
Young to middle-aged people
What is rosacea?
Malar rash on face
Symptoms rosacea
Red rash, papules, malar presentation
Management rosacea
Metronidazole
What is contact dermatitis?
A type of t4 hypersensitivity - can be caused by cement or fluorouracil (5-FU)
Sx dermatitis herpetiformis?
Itchy papules on buttocks/knees/elbows
Dermatitis herpetiformis associations
Coeliac disease - HLA-DR3 pre-disposition
Management dermatitis herpetiformis
Gluten-free diet
Dapsone
What is acne vulgaris?
A disorder of oil glands = increased sebum and testosterone
Symptoms acne vulgaris
greasy skin
Black/white heads
Papules
Cysts
On face/chest/neck/back
Treatment for acne
Decrease bacteria = ABx like erythro-/clinda- mycin
Benzoyl peroxide unblocks pores
Retinoids reduce inflammation
Decrease sebum using isotretinoin or oestrogen
pathophys eczema
Ineffective skin barrier allows allergens to react deeper skin cells
IgE mediated response
Symptoms eczema
Itchy flexor surfaces
Atopic traits - asthma, hay fever, allergies
What is eczema herpeticum?
+ HSV infection
Risk factors eczema
Staph infection and allergies
Management for eczema
Emollients
Steroids
Flucloxacillin
Management for eczema
Emollients
Steroids
Flucloxacillin
Management psoriasis
Vit D
EMollient
Topical steroid - betamethasone
What is flexural psoriasis?
Affects smooth skin
Pathophysiology psoriasis
Neutrophil infiltration of stratum corner
Pustular psoriasis
Yellow/brown pustules
Affects palms and soles
Guttate psoriasis
Affects younger people following strep/tonsil infection
‘Tear drop’ lesions on trunk
Sx psoriasis
Red, scaly skin patches on extensor surfaces
Plaques can be shiny and white
When do you excise skin cancer
When 2+ apply:
- Size >7mm
- Change in size
- Irregular border
- Irregular pigmentation
- Itch/irritation
- Inflammation
- Oozing/crusting
When do you excise skin cancer
When 2+ apply:
- Size >7mm
- Change in size
- Irregular border
- Irregular pigmentation
- Itch/irritation
- Inflammation
- Oozing/crusting
features of SCC
Ulcerating skin lesion that tends to bleed , typically older, male gardener
risk factors SCC
actinic keratoses, sunlight, smoking - typically older male gardener
Tx SCC
excision with 4-6mm margin
melanoma
Pigmented, fast growing lesions
Multiple colours
Evolves from pre-existing mole
impetigo exclusion time
Kids should be kept off school until all lesions are crusted/ have been on tx for 48h
non-bulbous impetigo
- Golden crust
- Nose and mouth
- Treat with antiseptic cream (hydrogen peroxide)
bullous impetigo
- Staph aureus
- Fluid filled vesicles burst and form golden crust
- Systemic Abx - flucloxacillin
cellulitis sx
Bacterial skin infection of lower dermis - skin is red/painful/swollen
Caused by strep pyogenes
cellulitis mx
penicillin
erythema multiform
Hypersensitivity reaction - HSV and pneumonia
Red target lesions
Treat underlying cause
Stevens-Johnson syndrome
Systemic reaction following medication administration
Stop meds and admit to hospital
function of antihistamines
h1 inhibitor
