Dermatology

Question 1

What is pityriasis rosea?

Answer 1

A widespread rash following an oval patch of scaly skin

Question 2

How long does pityriasis rosea last for?

Answer 2

6-12 weeks

Question 3

Treatment pityriasis rosea

Answer 3

Emollient
Topical steroid - hydrocortisone

Question 4

Symptoms of pityriasis rosea

Answer 4

Herald patch
Trunk affected
Erythematous, scaly patches
Itchy

Question 5

What is pityriasis veriscolor?

Answer 5

Infection by malassezia fungi

Question 6

Treatment pityriasis veriscolor

Answer 6

Fluonazole (against malassezia)

Question 7

Symptoms pityriasis veriscolor

Answer 7

Dry, scaly rash
Well demarcated
Trunk affected
Young to middle-aged people

Question 8

What is rosacea?

Answer 8

Malar rash on face

Question 9

Symptoms rosacea

Answer 9

Red rash, papules, malar presentation

Question 10

Management rosacea

Answer 10

Metronidazole

Question 11

What is contact dermatitis?

Answer 11

A type of t4 hypersensitivity - can be caused by cement or fluorouracil (5-FU)

Question 12

Sx dermatitis herpetiformis?

Answer 12

Itchy papules on buttocks/knees/elbows

Question 13

Dermatitis herpetiformis associations

Answer 13

Coeliac disease - HLA-DR3 pre-disposition

Question 14

Management dermatitis herpetiformis

Answer 14

Gluten-free diet
Dapsone

Question 15

What is acne vulgaris?

Answer 15

A disorder of oil glands = increased sebum and testosterone

Question 16

Symptoms acne vulgaris

Answer 16

greasy skin
Black/white heads
Papules
Cysts
On face/chest/neck/back

Question 17

Treatment for acne

Answer 17

Decrease bacteria = ABx like erythro-/clinda- mycin
Benzoyl peroxide unblocks pores
Retinoids reduce inflammation
Decrease sebum using isotretinoin or oestrogen

Question 18

pathophys eczema

Answer 18

Ineffective skin barrier allows allergens to react deeper skin cells
IgE mediated response

Question 19

Symptoms eczema

Answer 19

Itchy flexor surfaces
Atopic traits - asthma, hay fever, allergies

Question 20

What is eczema herpeticum?

Answer 20

+ HSV infection

Question 21

Risk factors eczema

Answer 21

Staph infection and allergies

Question 22

Management for eczema

Answer 22

Emollients
Steroids
Flucloxacillin

Question 23

Management for eczema

Answer 23

Emollients
Steroids
Flucloxacillin

Question 24

Management psoriasis

Answer 24

Vit D
EMollient
Topical steroid - betamethasone

Question 25

What is flexural psoriasis?

Answer 25

Affects smooth skin

Question 26

Pathophysiology psoriasis

Answer 26

Neutrophil infiltration of stratum corner

Question 27

Pustular psoriasis

Answer 27

Yellow/brown pustules Affects palms and soles

Question 28

Guttate psoriasis

Answer 28

Affects younger people following strep/tonsil infection 'Tear drop' lesions on trunk

Question 29

Sx psoriasis

Answer 29

Red, scaly skin patches on extensor surfaces Plaques can be shiny and white

Question 30

When do you excise skin cancer

Answer 30

When 2+ apply: - Size >7mm - Change in size - Irregular border - Irregular pigmentation - Itch/irritation - Inflammation - Oozing/crusting

Question 30

When do you excise skin cancer

Answer 30

When 2+ apply: - Size >7mm - Change in size - Irregular border - Irregular pigmentation - Itch/irritation - Inflammation - Oozing/crusting

Question 31

features of SCC

Answer 31

Ulcerating skin lesion that tends to bleed , typically older, male gardener

Question 32

risk factors SCC

Answer 32

actinic keratoses, sunlight, smoking - typically older male gardener

Question 33

Tx SCC

Answer 33

excision with 4-6mm margin

Question 34

melanoma

Answer 34

Pigmented, fast growing lesions Multiple colours Evolves from pre-existing mole

Question 35

impetigo exclusion time

Answer 35

Kids should be kept off school until all lesions are crusted/ have been on tx for 48h

Question 36

non-bulbous impetigo

Answer 36

- Golden crust - Nose and mouth - Treat with antiseptic cream (hydrogen peroxide)

Question 37

bullous impetigo

Answer 37

- Staph aureus - Fluid filled vesicles burst and form golden crust - Systemic Abx - flucloxacillin

Question 38

cellulitis sx

Answer 38

Bacterial skin infection of lower dermis - skin is red/painful/swollen Caused by strep pyogenes

Question 39

cellulitis mx

Answer 39

penicillin

Question 40

erythema multiform

Answer 40

Hypersensitivity reaction - HSV and pneumonia Red target lesions Treat underlying cause

Question 41

Stevens-Johnson syndrome

Answer 41

Systemic reaction following medication administration Stop meds and admit to hospital

Question 42

function of antihistamines

Answer 42

h1 inhibitor