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Perio > Revision Questions > Flashcards

Revision Questions Flashcards

1
Q

Periodontium consists of

A
  • Gingiva
  • PDL
  • Cementum
  • Alveolar bone proper
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2
Q

The types of mucosa

A
  1. Masticatory
  2. Specialised
  3. Lining
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3
Q

Masticatory mucosa covers

A

Gingiva and hard palate

Is keratinised

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4
Q

Specialised mucosa covers

A

Dorsum of tongue

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5
Q

Lining mucosa covers

A
  • Soft palate
  • Inside of lips
  • Floor of mouth
  • Vestibulum
  • Ventral surface of tongue
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6
Q

Two types of Free gingiva

A
  • Marginal
  • Interdental
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7
Q

Parts of periodontal status

A
  • Probing depth
  • Gingival margin
  • Tooth mobility
  • Furcation
  • Presence of implants
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8
Q

Tooth mobility is classified according to

A

Miller

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9
Q

Millers classification for mobility

A
  • Class 0
  • Class 1
  • Class 2
  • Class 3
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10
Q

Class 0 mobility

A

0.1-0.2 mm in horizontal direction

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11
Q

Class 1 mobility

A

Less than 1mm mobility in horizontal direction

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12
Q

Class 2 mobility

A

1-2 mm mobility in horizontal direction

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13
Q

Class 3 mobility

A

> 2mm mobility in horizontal and vertical direction

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14
Q

Furcation classifications

A
  • Class 0
  • Class 1
  • Class 2
  • Class 3
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15
Q

Class 0 furcation

A

No furcation involvement

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16
Q

Class 1 furcation

A

Horizontal direction, probe travels less than 3mm

through one or two entrances

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17
Q

Class 2 furcation

A

Horizontal direction, probe travels more than 3mm

-Probe doesnt go through whole furcation
-Only in one entrane

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18
Q

Class 3 furcation

A

Horizontal, probe travels more than 6mm making through and through lesion

two or more entrances

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19
Q

Subclasses of furcation in class 3

A
  1. Less than 3mm in vertical direction
  2. 3-6mm in vertical direction
  3. More than 6mm in vertical direction
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20
Q

Gingival margin

A

Distance measured in mm from gingival margin to the CEJ

Positive or negative

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21
Q

Clinical attachment level

A

Distance measured in mm from CEJ to bottom of sulcus

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22
Q

4 types of gingival diagnosis

A
  1. Gingivitis
  2. Paradontitis superficialis
  3. Paradontitis profunda
  4. Paradontitis interadicularis
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23
Q

Gingivitis characteristics

A
  • Bop
  • PD 3mm or less
  • No CAL
  • No bone loss

May have pseudopocket formation

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24
Q

Paradontitis superficialis characteristics

A
  • PD 3-5mm
  • BOP
  • CAL loss
  • Angular or horizontal bone loss
  • Mobility
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25
Q

Paradontitis profunda characteristics

A
  • PD over 6mm
  • BOP
  • CAL
  • Angular or horizontal bone loss
  • Mobility
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26
Q

Paradontitis interadicularis characteristics

A
  • Furcation involvement
  • BOP
  • CAL
  • PD variable
27
Q

Diagnosis where debridement is done

A
  • Periodontitis superficialis
  • Periodontitis profunda
  • Periodontitis Inter-radicularis
28
Q

Debridement

A
  • Removal of calculus on hard tooth surfaces
  • In sulcus area and subgingivally using scalers
29
Q

Two stages of debridement

A

Root scaling
Root planning

30
Q

Root scaling

A
  • Removal of soft and hard deposits on the root
  • Can be done with hand and ultrasonic instruments
31
Q

Root planning

A

Removal of necrotic cementum and dentine to achieve smooth root

32
Q

4 main factors for diagnosis

A
  • BOP
  • PD
  • CAL
  • Bone resorption
33
Q

Phases of treatment

A
  • Systemic
  • Hygienic
  • Re-evaluation
  • Corrective
  • Maintenance
34
Q

Important factors to consider in systemic phase

A
  • Systemic disease
  • General condition
  • Medication
  • Smoking cessesation
35
Q

Objective of hygienic phase

A
  • Achieve clean and infection free oral cavity
  • Removal of all deposits on teeth and plaque retentive factors
  • Extraction of irrational to treat teeth
36
Q

Two main groups of plaque retentive factors

A
  1. Natural
  2. Anthropogenic
37
Q

Natural plaque retentive factors

A
  • Calculus
  • Caries
  • Orthodontic anomalies
  • Deep pits and fissures
  • Crowded teeth
  • Recession
  • Furcations
  • Fractures
  • Radices
  • Frenulum attachments
38
Q

Anthrogenic plaque retentive factors

A
  • Shorter crown
  • Bridges
  • Brackets and retainers
  • Poorly adapted obturations
39
Q

3 types of oral epithelium

A
  1. Oral epithelium
  2. Sulcular epithelium
  3. Junctional epithelium

  1. Keratinised
  2. Non keratinised
  3. Non keratinised
40
Q

Drug groups that cause hyperplasia

A
  • Antiepileptics
  • Immunosuppresants
  • Calcium channel blockers
41
Q

Two main groups of mechanical scalers

A
  1. Ultrasonic scalers
  2. Sonic scalers

  1. Convert electrical current into mechanical energy in form of high frequency vibrations
  2. Use air pressure to create mechanical vibration
42
Q

Vibration Frequency of sonic scalers

A

3000-8000 Hz

43
Q

Vibration Frequency of Ultra-sonic scalers

A

18000-45000

44
Q

Types of ultrasonic scalers

A
  1. Piezoelectric scaler
  2. Magnetostrictive scaler

  1. Ulternating electrical current causes dimensional change in handpiece-> vibrations
  2. Current produces magnetic field that causes instrument vibration
45
Q

Piezoelectric scaler vibration frequency

A

25000-30000

Can reach upto 45000

46
Q

Magnetostrictive scaler vibration frequency

A

25000-30000

can reach upto 45000

47
Q

Difference between piezoelectric and magnetostrictive scalers

A

Pattern of vibration

48
Q

Pattern of vibration for Piezoelectric scalers

A

Linear

Only lateral side of scaling tip used

49
Q

Pattern of vibration for Magnetostrictive scalers

A

Elliptical

All surfaces of scaling tip are active

50
Q

4 parts of curette

A
  1. Handle
  2. Shank
  3. Working part
  4. Terminal shank
51
Q

Types of currettes

A
  1. Universal
  2. Gracey
52
Q

Scaler cross section

A

Triangular

53
Q

Universal curette cross section

A

Semi circle

54
Q

Gracey curette cross section

A

Trapezoid

55
Q

Characteristics of universal curettes

A
  • Working part has 2 cutting edges laterally
  • Angle between face of working part and terminal shank 90 degrees
  • Working part curved in one direction
56
Q

Characteristics of gracey curettes

A
  • Only one cutting surface
  • Angle between face of working part and terminal shank 70 degrees

Working end curved in two directions

57
Q

Periodontal hand instruments used to remove small deposts subgingivally for specific tooth group

A

Gracey curettes

58
Q

Periodontal hand instruements used to remove subgingival deposits on ALL surfaces of the tooth

A

Universal curettes

59
Q

Difference between periodontal probe and periodontal explorer

A
  • Periodontal probe is Atraumatic to gingiva and explorer is traumatic if not calibratred
60
Q

Chemical plaque control classified according to

A

Lang and Newman

61
Q

Biological width

A

Soft tissues around the teeth

62
Q

Pseudopocket

A
  • Forms at level of gingival margin
  • Coronal movement of gingiva due to hyperplasia
63
Q

Difference between after 5, mini 5 and micro 5 compared to standard

A
  1. After 5 has longer terminal shank
  2. Mini 5 has same properties as after 5 but blade half the length
  3. Micro 5 has same properties but blade 20% smaller than mini 5

  1. 3mm

Perio (61 decks)

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