35. Non-surgical therapy - manual and machine tools Flashcards
Non surgical therapy-manual and machine tools
Hand instrumentation advantages
- Good tactile sensation
- Minimal aerosal production
- Modified curettes=>increase efficiency
-Modified curettes- w/extended shanks =>deep pockets
-Mini-bladed currettes=>narrow pockets developed to increase efficiency
Non surgical therapy-manual and machine tools
Hand instrumentation Disadvantages
- Aggressive use=>tooth substance removal
- Technique sensitive
- Require frequent sharpening
- Limited access to furcations and base of deep pockets
Non surgical therapy-manual and machine tools
Parts of hand instruements
- Working part(blade)
- Shank
- Handle
Non surgical therapy-manual and machine tools
Enables proper balance of instrument
Cutting edges of blade centered over long axis of handle
Non surgical therapy-manual and machine tools
Blade composition
- Carbon steel
- Stainless steel
- Tungsten carbide
Non surgical therapy-manual and machine tools
Curette use
Scaling and root debridement
Non surgical therapy-manual and machine tools
Curette structure
- Spoon shaped blade
- Two cutting edges
- Two edges united by rounded toe
Length and angulation of shank, dimensions of blade differ between different brands
Non surgical therapy-manual and machine tools
Sickle use
Supragingival debridement or scaling in shallow pockets
Non surgical therapy-manual and machine tools
Sickle structure
- Curved or straight blade
- Triangular in cross section
- Two cutting edges
Non surgical therapy-manual and machine tools
Hoe use
- Supragingival scaling
- Blade can be positioned at four different inclincations in relation to shank-F, L, D, M
Non surgical therapy-manual and machine tools
Hoe structure
- One cutting edge
- Blade turned at 100 degree angle to shank w/ cutting edge beveled at 45 degree angle
Non surgical therapy-manual and machine tools
Periodontal files use
Smoothing roots in areas of stubborn deposits
Non surgical therapy-manual and machine tools
Two main groups of mechanical scalers
- Ultrasonic scalers
- Sonic scalers
- Convert electrical current into mechanical energy in form of high frequency vibrations
- Use air pressure to create mechanical vibration
Non surgical therapy-manual and machine tools
Vibration Frequency of sonic scalers
3000-8000 Hz
Non surgical therapy-manual and machine tools
Vibration Frequency of Ultra-sonic scalers
18000-45000
Non surgical therapy-manual and machine tools
Types of ultrasonic scalers
- Piezoelectric scaler
- Magnetostrictive scaler
- Ulternating electrical current causes dimensional change in handpiece-> vibrations
- Current produces magnetic field that causes instrument vibration
Non surgical therapy-manual and machine tools
Piezoelectric scaler vibration frequency
25000-30000
Can reach upto 45000
Non surgical therapy-manual and machine tools
Magnetostrictive scaler vibration frequency
25000-30000
can reach upto 45000
Non surgical therapy-manual and machine tools
Difference between piezoelectric and magnetostrictive scalers
Pattern of vibration
Non surgical therapy-manual and machine tools
Pattern of vibration for Piezoelectric scalers
Linear
Only lateral side of scaling tip used
Non surgical therapy-manual and machine tools
Pattern of vibration for Magnetostrictive scalers
Elliptical
All surfaces of scaling tip are active
Non surgical therapy-manual and machine tools
Types of piezoelectric scaler tips
- Tiny
- Thin
- Periodontal probe type
- Diamond coated
Instruments cooled by water based medium containing polishing particles
Piezoelectric scaler
Non surgical therapy-manual and machine tools
Decrease amount of contaminated aerosol compared to other ultrasonic scalers
Piezoelectric scaler
