Revelation of Quran (610 - 32AD) Flashcards
Give a summary of the first revelation.
- At 40, the prophet started retiring in the Cave of Hira outside Makkah.
- Angel Jibrael appeared before him and asked him to read thrice. After which, the Angel recited the following five verses of Surah Alaq/Iqra: “Read in the name of your Lord and Cherisher who created, created man out of a clot of congealed blood. Proclaim and your Lord is the most bountiful. He who taught by the pen. Taught man that which he knew not.”
- From 610AD onwards, he continued to receive revelations for 22 years 5 months, and 15 days
How long did the revelation stop and what is this known as?
- Revelation stopped for 6 months which made the prophet worry.
- Known as Fatrah tul wahi (break/interval)
What did the Quran say after the revelations came back strongly and were not under the prophet’s control?
- Once they started again they came strongly and frequently. They were not within his control, he had no idea when they were coming and God safeguarded them.
- The Quran says, “Move not your tongue with it, (O Muhammad), to hasten with recitation of the Quran. Indeed upon us is its collection and its recitation. So when we have recited it (through Jabriel), then follow its recitation. Then upon us is its clarification (to you)”
What sensations did the prophet experience?
- When a revelation came, the Holy Prophet (pbuh) experienced different sensations.
- He heard ringing sounds, he perspired in the cold; he became so heavy
In what forms did angel Jibrael come?
- Angel Jibrail would also come in human form in the appearance of Prophet’s companion Dahya Qalbi.
- A few times the Prophet saw the Angel in his original form, e.g. on the night journey (sura Najm).
In what scenarios did the prophet receive revelations?
- He also received revelation in dreams.
- He also received revelation directly from God during the night journey(Last 2 verses of surah Baqarah)
What did the prophet reply with after being asked how a revelation comes to him by a companion? What is Aisha’s take on this?
- “It comes to me sometimes as the ringing of a bell and this is hardest on me, then he leaves me and I remember from him what he says and sometimes the Angel comes in the shape of a man and he talks to me and I remember what he says.”
- Hazrat Aisha reports, ‘‘ I saw revelations coming down upon him in the severest cold, and when that condition was
over, perspiration ran down his forehead.’’
What did Zayd bin Thabit say about the prophet receiving revelations?
” When the revelation came to him he felt intense heat and drops of sweat used to roll down his body like pearls. When this state was over I used to get a shoulder bone. He used to go on dictating and I used to write it down. When I finished writing the sheer weight of transcription gave me the feeling that my leg would break and I would not be able to walk anymore”
Revelations received in Makkah from 610 to 622 are known as what? How many surahs were revealed during this period?
- Revelations received in Makkah during 610 to 622 are known as Makkan surahs
- 86 surahs revealed during this period
During the years of persecution in Makkah, how did revelations console the prophet (PBUH) and his followers? Provide examples.
During the years of persecution in Makkah…
- Surah al Duha reassured the Prophet (PBUH) of Allah’s presence and care.
- Surah al-Kawthar provided solace and hope
In which year did the Prophet (PBUH) and his followers migrate to Madinah, and how did the revelation guide and reassure them during this time?
- The migration occurred in 622 AD. Revelation guided and reassured them:
- When hiding in the Cave of Thawr, Abu Bakr (R.A) was worried, but the Prophet reassured him with the revelation:
- “For Allah did indeed help him, when the unbelievers drove him out: he had no more than one companion; the two were in the cave, and he said to his companion, have no fear, for Allah is with us.”
What are Madni Surahs, and what are their key features?
- Madni Surahs are the revelations received between 622 AD and 632 AD
Key features:
- Include verses revealed during battles and the Farewell Pilgrimage
- Contain social, economic, political, criminal, and spiritual laws that is essential for organization and development of the Islamic State.
- They are generally lengthy, 28 surahs revealed during this period
When was permission for fighting granted, and what were the words of his revelation?
- Permission for fighting was granted in 624 AD
The revelation stated:
- “Fight in the cause of Allah against those who fight you”
When was the last revelation received by the Prophet (PBUH), and when and where was it revealed?
- The last revelation was received during the Farewell Pilgrimage in 631 AD in the Plain of Arafat.
The verse stated:
- “This day have I perfected your religion for you, completed my favor upon you, and have chosen for you Islam as your religion.”
How was the Quran revealed, and how was it preserved during the Prophet’s lifetime?
- The Quran was revealed in portions over time
- It was simultaneously recorded by the Scribes, ensuring it did not remain in an unorganized state for long.
