Migration to Abyssinia Flashcards
When did the persecution of the Muslims by the Quraish intensify, and which companions were persecuted to death?
- The persecution of the Muslims by the Quraish became intense by the middle of the fifth year of prophethood (615 AD).
- Sumayya and her husband Yasir were persecuted to death.
Which verse of the Quran was revealed during the intense persecution, and what did it say?
During the intense persecution:
- Surah Az-Zumar was revealed: “Good is for those who do good in this world, and Allah’s earth is spacious.
- Only those who are patient shall receive their rewards in full, without reckoning.”
Why and when did the Prophet (P.B.U.H) allow Muslims to migrate to Abyssinia, and who was the ruler there?
- The Prophet (P.B.U.H) allowed Muslims to migrate to Abyssinia in 615 AD after the revelation of Surah Az-Zumar.
- The ruler was King Ashamah (Negus/Najashi), a just Christian king.
Who was part of the first migration to Abyssinia, and how many people migrated?
- The first group that migrated to Abyssinia included 12 men and 4 women, such as Ruqayyah (the Prophet’s daughter) and her husband Hazrat Usman.
- Hazrat Abu Bakr also set out but returned when granted protection by a friend.
How did the first group of Muslims reach Abyssinia, and how were they received?
- They traveled by boat to Aksum, the capital of Abyssinia.
- They were warmly received and given the freedom to live and practice their religion
What event in Makkah led to the first migrants’ return from Abyssinia, and what happened when they returned?
- In Ramadan of the same year, the Prophet (P.B.U.H) recited Surah al-Najm at the Ka’aba, causing idolaters to prostrate.
- This event was misreported as Makkah accepting Islam.
- When the migrants returned, they realized it was false, and the Quraish increased their persecution.
How many Muslims participated in the second migration to Abyssinia, and who led them?
- The second migration included 83 men and 19 women. It was led by Jafar ibn Abu Talib, the Prophet’s cousin.
- They included Hazrat Sawdah and her husband
Sakran, Zubair, Abu Ubaidah bin Jarrah, Abdur Rehman bin Auf etc.
What action did the Quraish take after the second migration, and who were the envoys sent to Abyssinia?
Furious, the Quraish sent two envoys, Amr bin Aas, and Abdullah bin Rabiyya, with gifts to Abyssinia to convince King Negus to return the emigrants.
What accusations did the Quraish envoys make to King Negus about the Muslims?
- They claimed, “Some foolish young men and women of our people have taken refuge in this kingdom.
- They have left their religion, not for yours, but for one they invented.”
- They also accused the Muslims of having strange beliefs about Jesus.
What was Jafar ibn Abu Talib’s response to King Negus regarding Islam and the Muslims’ migration?
Jafar explained:
- “O King! We were ignorant people…
- God, in His Mercy, sent to us His Messenger…
- He invited us to worship One God and forbade us to worship idols.
- He ordered us to tell the truth, protect the weak, and show respect to women.
- We obeyed him…and sought refuge in your kingdom to escape persecution.”
What verses did Jafar recite to King Negus, and what was the King’s reaction?
- Jafar recited verses from Surah Maryam (17-26) about Hazrat Maryam and the miraculous birth of Prophet Isa.
- Negus and his court were moved to tears, and he said, “By God, this and the Gospel are the lights of one candle.”
What was King Negus’s decision regarding the Muslim emigrants, and what did he do with the Quraish’s gifts?
- Negus refused to hand over the Muslims, saying even a mountain of gold wouldn’t change his decision.
- He returned the Quraish’s gifts.
What was the outcome of the Quraish delegation’s failure in Abyssinia?
- The Quraish were infuriated and intensified their persecution of the Muslims who remained in Makkah.
Which two notable companions accepted Islam during this time of intensified persecution?
Hazrat Hamza and Hazrat Umar ibn al-Khattab accepted Islam during this period of intensified persecution
