Relations with Non-Muslims Flashcards
What steps did the Prophet (PBUH) take to unify the people of Madinah after Hijrah in 622 AD?
- After migrating to Madinah in 622 AD, the Prophet (PBUH) built Masjid-e-Nabvi and created the Covenant of Madinah with three Jewish tribes.
- It granted religious freedom, made the law of Allah the law of the land, and declared mutual defense. Disputes were to be settled by the Prophet (PBUH), whose decision would be final.
What were the key terms of the Covenant of Madinah regarding Muslims and Jews?
- The Muslims and Jews were declared allies, would not fight each other, and would defend Madinah together in case of attack.
- Both parties were guaranteed equal rights and security, and the Prophet’s (PBUH) judgment in disputes would be final.
How did the Prophet (PBUH) maintain commercial dealings with Jews?
- The Prophet (PBUH) borrowed money from Jews and helped companions do the same.
- Once, when a Jew rudely demanded repayment, ‘Umar scolded him, but the Prophet (PBUH) not only ordered repayment but insisted he be given more than owed due to the scolding.
What led to the expulsion of Banu Qainuqa in 624 AD?
- A Jew from Banu Qainuqa publicly humiliated a Muslim woman by pinning her skirt.
- A Muslim killed him, and Jews retaliated by killing the Muslim.
- In response, the Prophet (PBUH) laid a 15-day siege and expelled Banu Qainuqa from Madinah in 624 AD.
Why was Kaab bin Ashraf executed?
- Kaab bin Ashraf was executed for violating the Charter of Madinah and inciting hostility against Muslims after the Battle of Badr.
- He spread false poetry and supported enemies of Islam.
What caused the expulsion of Banu Nadir in 626 AD?
- In 4 A.H. (625-626 AD), Banu Nadir attempted to kill the Prophet (PBUH) by dropping a millstone on him.
- A 14-day siege was laid, after which they were expelled and left with as much as they could carry.
What led to the execution of Banu Quraiza men after the Battle of Trench in 627 AD?
- In 627 AD, Banu Quraiza broke their treaty during the Battle of Trench by conspiring with the Quraish.
- After a 25-day siege, around 600–700 of their men were executed, and their families were sold into slavery. Saad bin Muadh gave the verdict
What Quranic verse refers to the punishment of Banu Quraiza?
- “And those of the people of the book who aided them—
- Allah did take them down from their strongholds and cast terror into their hearts,
- (so that) some ye slew, and some you made prisoners.
- And He made you heirs of their lands, their houses and their goods…”
Who were the hypocrites in Madinah, and what did they do during the Battle of Uhud (625 AD)?
- The hypocrites, led by Abdullah bin Ubbay, withdrew with 300 men from the Battle of Uhud in 625 AD, claiming the Prophet (PBUH) ignored his advice to fight from within the city.
What was the role of the hypocrites during the Battle of the Trench in 627 AD?
- During the Battle of the Trench in 627 AD, hypocrites deserted their posts, saying their homes were not safe.
- They also leaked information of Muslims to the Makkans and Jews.
What does the Quran say about hypocrites who rejected the Prophet’s (PBUH) message?
- “When it is said to them,
- come to what Allah has revealed and the Messenger,
- You see that the Hypocrites avert their faces from you disgust.”
What was the role of hypocrites in the Tabuk expedition in 631 AD?
- The hypocrites refused to make financial contributions to the Tabuk expedition in 631 AD.
- Many repented after Abdullah bin Ubbay died that same year.
How did the Prophet (PBUH) engage with the Christians of Najran?
- The Christians of Najran visited the Prophet (PBUH) in Madinah to ask questions.
- A peace treaty was signed, and the Prophet (PBUH) allowed them to pray in Masjid-e-Nabvi.
What diplomatic action did the Prophet (PBUH) take toward non-Muslim rulers?
- The Prophet (PBUH) sent letters inviting various non-Muslim rulers to Islam, engaging in peaceful dialogue and diplomacy.
How did tensions rise with the Makkans after the Prophet’s migration?
- After Hijrah, the Prophet (PBUH) blocked Makkan trade routes to Syria, leading to battles such as Badr (624 AD), Uhud (625 AD), and the Trench (627 AD).
What was the Treaty of Hudaibiya and what happened after it?
- The Treaty of Hudaibiya (628 AD) ended hostilities temporarily.
- But in 630 AD, the Makkans violated it, which led to the peaceful Conquest of Makkah.
How did the Prophet (PBUH) treat non-Muslim enemies after the Conquest of Makkah in 630 AD?
- After the Conquest of Makkah in 630 AD, despite having the power to punish, the Prophet (PBUH) forgave his non-Muslim enemies and showed them kindness and mercy.
