Reuhmatic Heart Disease Flashcards
What is Rheumatic heart disease?
Is a preventable condition commonly affecting children and adolescents.
It starts as a rheumatic fever caused by a throat infection (streptococcal GAS) affecting the upper respiratory tract. When left untreated it can manifest into RHD. Lead to permanent damage to heart valves.
Who is at risk of RHD?
People who live in overcrowded and poor conditions are at greatest risk of developing the disease.
Throat infection (untreated)
Maori and Pacifika
Children and adolescents
What are the signs and symptoms of RHD and RF?
RF: Fever, painful joints, fatigue, jerky movements, rash, heart murmur.
RHD: SOB, chest tightness, swelling of the stomach, hands or feet, fatigue, Rapid or irregular heartbeat.
Management of RF and RHD?
(include pharmacological and non-pharmacological)
Antibiotics: Penicillin, Amoxicillin, Erythromycin
Heart: Diuretics
Anti-inflammatory: Ibuprofen, diclofenac.
Rest: Time away from school/work to recover from joint pain/ inflammation.
Dental Check: Poor dental practices can lead to infection and cause Infective endocarditis.
Heart Surgery: Replace heart valves.
What are some nursing considerations?
Holistic approach (consider wider factors such as conditions that may impact school, and work)
Cultural safety
Education makes sure the pt and family understand.
Follow-up appointment and importance of medicine adherence.
Support services: Work and income, NZ housing, Child and youth services.
What are some preventive strategies for RF/ RHD?
1- Prevent sore throats
Standard precaution, address housing, dental hygiene
2- Treatment for sore throat
screening, antibiotics, and awareness.
3- Prevention of further throat infections
Long-term antibiotics eg penicillin IM
