Diabetes 1 & 2

Question 1

What is Type 2 Diabetes?

Answer 1

When the pancreas doesn’t produce enough insulin or the cells become insulin resistant do not use insulin to break down glucose.

Question 2

What is insulin?

Answer 2

Insulin is a hormone, produced in the pancreas. Inulin breaks down glucose in the bloodstream, cells can use glucose for energy.

Question 3

What is type 1 diabetes?

Answer 3

When the pancreas does not produce any insulin (insulin-dependent). Due to the autoimmune response (T cell attack the B cells affect islet of Langerhans prod insulin).

Question 4

What are the common risk factors for T2D?

Answer 4

Physical inactivity, High cholesterol, Obesity, high blood sugars, genetics

Question 5

What are the common complications of T2D?

Answer 5

Retinopathy (eyes)
Neuropathy (blood vessels in legs, diabetic ulcers)
Nephropathy (kidney hard to filter)

Question 6

Diabetic ketoacidosis?
S+S
Management??

Answer 6

Insulin-caused uncontrolled hyperglycemia (T1D) causes the body to rapidly break down fat storage, causing increased byproducts of ketones.
S+S: Dehydration, Ketones in urine, increased RR, Confusion
IV fluids NS 0.9
Insulin

Question 7

S+S of type 1 and 2 diabetes?

Answer 7

T1D: Increased urination at night, fatigue, hunger, sweating
T2D: Increased thirst, hyperglycemia, decreased wound healing.

Question 8

Management of diabetes?

Answer 8

Insulin meds: Body the boost of insulin to reuptake glucose in the bloodstream.
Novorapid- rapid-acting (30 min before eating)
Humulin- long lastingg.

Question 9

Diagnosis and assessment of diabetes?

Answer 9

Hbac1 if more than 48mmol/L
Urine sample (ketones/ protein)
BGL.

Question 10

S+S and management of hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia

Answer 10

Hyper: Dry hot, Polyphagia (hungry), Polyuria, polydipsia
Hypo: Cold and clammy, lightheaded, coma