Emergency

Question 1

What is Sepsis

Answer 1

Abnormal inflammatory response of the body due to an infection causes organ dysfunction and failure.

Question 2

What are the stages of Sepsis

Answer 2

1) Infection leaves the local area and enters the bloodstream
2) The body’s response vasodilation, clotting to fight, causes leaky cells and low BP
3) Septic shock occurs due to low blood supply to organs.

Question 3

S+S of Sepsis/ Management

Answer 3

Shivering Extreme pain Pallor Sleepiness I feel like I’m going to die SOB
Low urine output
fever

Management: blood, Fluids, Antibiotics. O2 and Urine monitoring, lactate.

Question 4

What are the 7 signs of deterioration?
(List the two major signs 1st and second 2nd)

Answer 4

1) RR
2) Altered LOC
3) Tachy/ brady (cardia)
5)Hypotension or Hyper
6) Febrile
7) Oliguria (low lvl urine output)

Question 5

What is hypovolemic shock?
Two types of shock R and A??

Answer 5

The body has lost a lot of blood (s+s: confused, passing out, rapid and weak pulse) Caused by trauma or dehydration.
Relative: Inside fluids shift into the interstitial space (within the body) eg burns and sepsis causes leakage and collection of fluids.
Absolute: Intravascular fluids leak outside. Eg Massive bleeding, Vomiting, Diarrhea.

Question 6

What is cardiogenic shock

Answer 6

Damage to the heart, causes a decrease of blood flow to the body. For example Heart damage
S+S Slow RR, irregular, Sweating, pallor, and weak pulse.

Question 7

what is distributive shock?

Answer 7

Conditions that cause blood vessels to lose their tone, for example being loose and floppy. Leads to Vasodilation cannot get enough blood supply to the heart, kidneys, brain. Due to sepsis, anaphylactic, Neuro. S+S rashes, fever, increased RR and HR

Question 8

What is obstructive shock?

Answer 8

When blood cannot get to where it needs to go eg Pulmonary embolism, Cardiac tamponade- heart crushing. (Physical obstruction of blood and o O2 to the organs).
S+S: altered LOC, Increased HR, abdo pain.

Question 9

What is hypothermia?

Answer 9

When the core body temp decreases below 35
S+S shivering, weak pulse, LOC, slurred speech

Question 10

What is the GCS and values?

Answer 10

Glasgow Coma Scale- Assesses brain injury scored out of 15 E=4 V=5 M=6
Severe= 8 and less
Moderate= 9-12
Mild= 13-15

Question 11

What does dialated puiples indicate?

Answer 11

Head injury. substance use, consousussion.

Question 12

What to do when pt is unconscious and breathing?

Answer 12

Recovery position, tilt head back and open airway (chin lift and jaw thrust)