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705/ STATE things > Obstertics/ Youth Sexual Health > Flashcards

Obstertics/ Youth Sexual Health Flashcards

1
Q

What is ectopic Pregnancy?
Complications?
S+S

A

Is when the fertilised egg implants outside of the uterus.
Left untreated can cause the egg to grow and damage surrounding organs.
S+S pelvic pain, bleeding.

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2
Q

What is Chronic Villius Sampling?

A

It is a prenatal test used to test chromosomal abnormalities and genetic complications such as Down syndrome.

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3
Q

What is postpartum hemorrhage (PPH)?
what might cause it eg Placenta previa?

A

Excessive bleeding following the birth of a baby.
Risk factors are placenta previa, placenta attaches low in the uterus.
Carrying twins or triplets
HX PPH
Cesarian
Perineal tear

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4
Q

Vaccinations in pregnancy?

A

Influenza, WC, diphtheria, tetanus

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5
Q

What is the HTN (hypertension) in pregnancy?
Causes
S+S
management

A

High BP in pregnancy either be classified as gestational hypertension or pre-eclampsia.
high BP in 20 weeks, Abdomaliy is that the blood vessels to the placenta are restricted causing it to become ischemic. (Protein in urine, headache)
Must lie on the left side.

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6
Q

What is gestational diabetes?
Complications
Mangement

A

When the pancreas doesn’t produce enough insulin due to high glucose in the blood.
Pregoo the body needs more insulin than normal.
Complications: risk of stillbirth, developmental complications. High BP.
Management: Monitoring BGL, anti-hypertensions

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7
Q

What are some complications of birth?
Ecplamsia
Pre-term Labour
Others

A

Ecplamsia- Grand Mal convulsions seizures (tilt head, lay on the side)
Pre-term Labour- Hx pre-term, short cervix. (S+S water breaking, cramps pain)
Others: DVT, Post-partum blues, Psychosis.

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8
Q

Pregnancy self-care/breastfeeding and supplement considerations?

A

Tender breast (engorgement) take breaks while feeding, compressions (rest, hydrate, food)
BBY has a good breast latch.
Anemia (iron)
Folic Acid
VD
Iodine
Dont drink alcohol, smoke, certain foods

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9
Q

What is hyperemesis gravidarum?

A

Excessive vomiting in prego causes decreased BP, increased HR
management Fluids
Known triggers

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10
Q

Why is sexual health important for youth?

A

Adolescent, sexual development, personal growth and relationships.

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11
Q

STI complications if left untreated and why might it happen?

A

Cause infertility, genital cancer, and neonatal morbidity.
Lack of knowledge, embarrassment, lack of accessibility of services.

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12
Q

Common STI?

A

Chlamydia,syphylis, HIV, Herpes, Gonorreah

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13
Q

What are the contraception forms?

A

Implant “rod”- Lasts 5 yrs relases progestrogen
Mirena- Hormonal IUD progesterogen 3-5 yrs
Copper IUD- non-hormonal can be used as emergency contraception
Depo Privera: IM progesterogen 12wks
The pill is oral Progestrogen and oestrogen.
Emergency contraceptive pill: 72hr
Condoms

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14
Q

Primigravida

A

Individual who is pregnant for the first time

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15
Q

Multigravida

A

Individual who has been pregnant for at least second time.

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16
Q

Amenorrhea

A

Absence of a period in a female of reproductive age.

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17
Q

what is HCG?

A

Human Chorionic gonadotropin is a chemical found in early embryotic stage (pregnancy test).

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18
Q

Braxton Hicks contractions

A

Considered as practice contractions- indicated and helps the body prepare for birth.

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19
Q

What is Abrupto placentae?

A

Placenta separates from uterine wall before birth after 22wks.

20
Q

Placenta acerate?

A

Placenta grows into the uterine wall, after birth.

21
Q

amniotic membrane

A

Thin membrane on the inner side of the fetal placenta

22
Q

What is Lochia and the 3 stages??

A

Is vagninal discharge mixture of blood and mucus membrane
Stages are: Red First week post-partum
Reddish-brown: 2-3 weeks post partum
White: Whitish-yellow 3-6 post-partum

23
Q

Puerperal infection

A

Infection that occurs after 6 weeks of post-partum when the organs are returning to normal, notifiable condition.

24
Q

Mastitis

A

infection of the breast tissue (swelling, redness and pain)

25
Q

What is the complete rupture of the uterus?

A

Involves tear of the uterus with and without expulsion of fetus.

26
Q

Incomplete rupture of uterus?

A

Involves the tear of the uterine wall but not the peristomium.

27
Q

What are the definitions of
Induced abortion
Abortion
Spontaneous Abortion

A

Induced abortion is when medically induced, under the NZ legal system.
Abortion is when fetus is expelled from spontaneous or artificial mean.
Spontaneous abortion: Loss of fetus spontaneously before the 20 week gestation.

28
Q

What’s the ruling around abortion under NZ ??

A

In NZ people can have acess to abortion services without consulting with health professionals.
After 20 weeks they need to have professional help.

29
Q

What is Megaloblastic Anemia in Pregnancy?
- recommended dose
- when to start
-how does it help fetus

A

Is an acquired nutritional anemia that may complicate pregnancy. It is most common is folic acid defiecncy.
0.8mg
4 weeks before 12 weeks
Minimises neural tube defict (Spina bifidia)

30
Q

What is
Pregnancy induced hypertension?
what is pre-eclampsia
Eclampsia

A

Pregnancy induced HTN: High BP after 20wks w/o proteinuria
Hypertension and proteinuria, causing ischemic could affect placenta and kidneys
Eclampsia one or more seizures associated with pre-eclampsia (EMERGENCY!!!)

31
Q

What is Gestational diabetes

A

a condition that occurs during pregnancy when the body doesn’t produce enough insulin to meet the increased need for it:

32
Q

placenta previa

A

Is when the placenta implants over the cervix’s enter or partially.

33
Q

What is Venous Thromboembolism (VTE)
- risk factors
- management

A

Is a condition that is both DVT and Pulmonary thromoembolism.
VTE is the main cause of maternal death.
- Imobility, Blood stasis, hypercoagulation
- Heparin (safe), Ted stockings, moving.

34
Q

What is common use of anti-coagulation in Prego?

A

Heparin as it is considered safe due to how it doesn’t cross thru the placenta, low molecular drug. Warfarin can cause complications such as bleeding or tenogenic for the fetus.

35
Q

Cord presentation and prolapse

A

When the umbilical cord is stuck between the cervix and fetus. Can cause hypoxia and deprive the fetus.

36
Q

Breech presentation
Treatment

A

When the presentation of the baby’s bottom is is lying at the near the cervix and the head near the fundus.
Be manually turned
cesarian

37
Q

commonly damaged muscle in babies during birth?

A

Sternocleidomastoid, is neck muscle that becomes stiffened and sore. Infant torticollis.

38
Q

What is Postpartum hemorrhage?
Primary
Secondary
What are the 4 main causes?

A

PPH) is excessive bleeding from the genital tract following birth. It can occur from the time of birth until 6 – 12 weeks postpartum.
Primary- First 24 hours after delivery it is called a primary PPH.
Secondary- 6-12 week after
Uterine atrophy
Genital tract trauma
Retained placenta tissue
Coagulopathies

39
Q

Pregnancy mental health
Postpartum Blues
Postpartum Depression
Postpartum Psychosis

A

Postpartum Blues: temporary and self-limiting form of depression that usually begins 3 – 10 days after delivery.
Postpartum Depression: (PPD) may last for weeks to months. It is a more serious condition that requires medical or psychiatric assessment
Postpartum Psychosis: Postpartum psychosis is the most severe form of postpartum psychiatric illness. It usually has a dramatic onset within the first 2 weeks postpartum.

40
Q

What is the 3 trimester weeks ?

A

First trimester from conception to 12 weeks
Second trimester from 13 to 26 weeks
Third trimester from 27 weeks to birth

41
Q

What is the recommended breast feeding range for
WHO
MOH

A

6months-2years
6months

42
Q

What is Chlamydia?
S+S
Treatment
Complications
what age group is at risk??

A

Bacterial infection of the cervix and urethra. Transmitted from person to person.
Discharge from genital area, bleeding and pain of passing urine
Treatment: Antibiotics
Untreated can spread to pelvis causing Pelvic inflammatory disease and etopic pregancy.

43
Q

HPV/ Genital warts?
S+S
Treatment

A

HPV commonly transmitted infection that causes warts.
Changed to the cell in the genital area can lead to reproductive cancers.
S+S small skin coloured lesion
Treatment: Creams wart freezing

44
Q

Genital Herpes
S+S
Treatment
Complications

A

Caused by infection of the genital caused by the simplex virus.
S+S painful blisters
Treatment: Antiherpx medication
Complications to immune compromised people.

45
Q

Syphilis
S+S
Treatment
Complications

A

Bacterial infection of the skin.
S+S causes ulcers
T: Antibiotics
Complications late stage can cause heart, brain and spinal damage

705/ STATE things (24 decks)

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