Reticuloendothelial System

Question 1

What are the lymphatic organs and tissues that make up the immune system

Answer 1

diffuse lymphatic tissue, lymphatic nodules, lymph nodes, spleen, bone marrow, tonsils and thymus

Question 2

any substance that can induce a specific immune response

Answer 2

An antigen

Question 3

What are the two type of immunity

Answer 3

Specific (adaptive) and non-specific (innate) immunity

Question 4

Three types of phagocytic cells

Answer 4

macrophages, neutrophils, and monocytes

Question 5

Three major types of lymphocytes

Answer 5

B cells, T cells, and NK cells

Question 6

Which type of lymphatic tissue are found in the lamina propria of the alimentary canal, respiratory passages, and genitourinary tract

Answer 6

diffuse/mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue

Question 7

Which type of lymphatic tissue is the site of the initial immune response

Answer 7

Diffuse lymphatic tissue

Question 8

After lymphocytes get in contact with antigen in the diffuse lymphatic tissue, they travel to regional lymph nodes, proliferate and then return to the lamina propria as what kind of cells

Answer 8

B and T lymphocytes

Question 9

True or False: diffuse lymphatic tissue commonly found in the walls of the alimentary canal, respiratory passages, and genitourinary tract and encapsulated

Answer 9

False

Question 10

Which structure of the palatine tonsils contain numerous lymphatic nodules

Answer 10

Wall of the tonsillar crypts

Question 11

Which three areas of the alimentary canal contain lymphatic nodules

Answer 11

palatine tonsils, payers patches in the ileum and the vermiform appendix

Question 12

Which cell layer of the vermiform appendix contains lymphatic nodules

Answer 12

Lamina propria

Question 13

True of false: lymph nodes are encapsulated

Answer 13

True

Question 14

Three areas of the body where lymph nodes are concentrated

Answer 14

the axilla, groin, and mesenteries

Question 15

Two types of lymphatic vessels serve the lymph node

Answer 15

Afferent and efferent lymphatic vessels

Question 16

What are the supporting elements of the lymph node

Answer 16

capsule, trabeculae and reticular tissue

Question 17

Cells of the Reticular Meshwork

Answer 17

reticular cells, dendritic cells, macrophages and follicular dendritic cells

Question 18

what are the divisions of the parenchyma of the lymph node

Answer 18

cortex and medulla

Question 19

Which portion of the cortex between the medulla and superficial cortex is free of nodules

Answer 19

deep cortex (paracortex)

Question 20

Which region of a lymph node contains most of the T cells

Answer 20

deep cortex (paracortex)

Question 21

Which region of the lymph node is also called the thymus-dependent cortex

Answer 21

deep cortex (paracortex)

Question 22

The medulla of the lymph node consists of which structures

Answer 22

the medullary cords and medullary sinuses

Question 23

which type of lymphocytes are conatined in the medullary cords

Answer 23

B lymphocytes

Question 24

he site of fluid absorption and the entrance for circulating lymphocytes into the lymph node

Answer 24

Specialized high endothelial venules (HEVs)

Question 25

Filtration of lymph in the lymph node occurs within a network of interconnected lymphatic channels called

Answer 25

sinuses

Question 26

The thymus is located in the

Answer 26

superior mediastinum

Question 27

The thymus is subdivided into ___________ by connective tissue

Answer 27

thymic lobules

Question 28

The extensive meshwork in the thymus is formed by what type of cells

Answer 28

epithelioreticular cells

Question 29

The thymic cortex is basophilic or acidophilic

Answer 29

basophilic

Question 30

What is the the largest lymphatic organ

Answer 30

Spleen

Question 31

Function of the spleen

Answer 31

filters blood and reacts immunologically to blood-borne antigens

Question 32

What type of cells are found in the spleen

Answer 32

lymphocytes, reticular cells, macrophages and dendritic cells

Question 33

What are the two subdivisions of the splenic pulp

Answer 33

white pulp and red pulp

Question 34

What does the white splenic pulp consist of

Answer 34

a thick accumulation of lymphocytes surrounding an artery

Question 35

What is the periarterial lymphatic sheath (PALS) in the spleen made up of

Answer 35

Lymphocytes that aggregate around the central artery

Question 36

What does the red splenic pulp consist of

Answer 36

large numbers of red blood cells that it filters and degrades

Question 37

What type of endothelial cells line splenic sinuses

Answer 37

very long, rod-shaped endothelial cells

Question 38

True or false: Splenic sinuses posses a continuous lamina

Answer 38

false

Question 39

What are the cells of the lymphoid system

Answer 39

Lymphocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells and reticular cells

Question 40

Which lymphocytes does humoral immunity

Answer 40

B lymphocyte

Question 41

Which lymphocyte does cellular immunity

Answer 41

T lymphocytes

Question 42

Which cells of the lymphoid system are phagocytic cells and antigen presenting cells

Answer 42

Macrophages and dendritic cells

Question 43

What is the purpose of primary lymphoid organs

Answer 43

They are a site for maturation and differentiation

Question 44

What is the purpose of secondary lymphoid organs

Answer 44

They are a site for interaction with antigens

Question 45

What are the primary lymphoid organs

Answer 45

Bone marrow and thymus

Question 46

What are the secondary lymphoid organs

Answer 46

Lymph node, spleen, tonsils

Question 47

Which other lymphoid tissue can be considered as primary

Answer 47

Gut Associated Lymphoid Tissue

Question 48

What are the two rounds of the selection that T-cells undergo during maturation

Answer 48

Positive- eliminates cells that cannot interact with self MHC molecules Negative- eliminates cells that react against self epitopes

Question 49

Where in the thymus is there development of regulatory T cells

Answer 49

In the medulla

Question 50

What is the purpose of the development of regulatory T cells

Answer 50

to prevent autoimmune diseases

Question 51

Two functions of secondary lymphoid organs

Answer 51

- Filters lymph - Helps activate the immune system

Question 52

What type of venules do lymph nodes have

Answer 52

high endothelial venules

Question 53

3 functions of the spleen

Answer 53

Filtration of blood * Phagocytosis of senescent RBCs and invading microorganisms * Proliferation of immunocompetent T and B lymphocytes.

Question 54

What does white pulp in the spleen consist of

Answer 54

White pulp consists of a thick accumulation of lymphocytes surrounding central artery

Question 55

What does white pulp in the spleen consist of

Answer 55

large numbers of RBCs that it filters and degrades

Question 56

Which part f the spleen contain splenic sinuses and cords

Answer 56

Red cords

Question 57

What shape endothelial cells line splenic sinuses

Answer 57

Rod shaped

Question 58

Tonsils are a ______ associated lymphatic tissue

Answer 58

Mucosa

Question 59

4 examples of mucosa associated lymphatic tissue

Answer 59

- Peyer's patches - Appendix - Tonsils - Lymphoid follicles in bronchi (BALT) - Lymphoid follicles in genitourinary organs

Question 60

What are the 4 tonsils

Answer 60

* Palatine tonsils • Lingual tonsil | * Pharyngeal tonsil (adenoids) • Tubal tonsils

Question 61

Tonsils are covered by which type of epithelium

Answer 61

stratified squamous nonkeratinized epithelium