Hemodynamics

Question 1

When does hemodynamics start

Answer 1

when Aortic Valve Opens

Question 2

What is the stressed volume

Answer 2

the amount of blood contained within arteries

Question 3

Which blood vessel has the highest resistance to blood flow

Answer 3

Arterioles

Question 4

What is the unstressed volume

Answer 4

the amount of blood contained within veins

Question 5

What happens to pressure and flow when arteries constrict

Answer 5

pressure increases and flow decreases

Question 6

What happens to pressure and flow when veins constrict

Answer 6

pressure increases and flow increases

Question 7

What two factors determine blood flow

Answer 7

pressure difference and resistance

Question 8

What is the equation to find the pressure difference in blood vessels

Answer 8

dP = Q x R

Question 9

The greatest pressure decrease occurs in which vessels

Answer 9

Arterioles

Question 10

why are so many chronic diseases are clinically silent until the diseases are in advanced stages

Answer 10

capillaries act as a parallel circuit, it takes a large percentage of capillaries to be obstructed to increase its vascular resistance and decrease its blood flow and oxygen nutrient delivery.

Question 11

Velocity changes produce cardiac “______” and blood vessel “_______”

Answer 11

murmurs

Bruits

Question 12

What is the name of the instrument used to measure RBC velocity

Answer 12

Transducer, using the doppler principle

Question 13

What is the meaning of laminar flow

Answer 13

Streamlined (one direction)

Question 14

What is the meaning of turbulent flow

Answer 14

Many different directions

Question 15

What is Reynold’s number

Answer 15

A measure of turbulence

Question 16

Does turbulent flow increase or decrease flow velocity

Answer 16

Increase and thus transmits more pressure

Question 17

How might lack of sun exposure be linked to cardiovascular disease

Answer 17

Exposure to UV radiation produces nitrates in the skin which can help make NO that is neeed for vasodilation, which is linked to cardiovascular disease

Question 18

What is shear and where in blood vessels is it at its highest

Answer 18

A consequence of different velocities, it is at its high at the walls of the blood vessel

Question 19

what is blood vessel compliance

Answer 19

The volume of blood a vessel can hold at a given pressure

Question 20

What is the equation for compliance

Answer 20

C = V/P

Question 21

Compliance/Elastance is a small but significant component of Resistance/Conductance known as

Answer 21

Stiffness/Distensibility

Question 22

Compliance (distensibility) decreases when which two molecules are in excess in the vessel walls

Answer 22

Collagen and/elastin

Question 23

What is Fick principle a measure of

Answer 23

Indirect measurement of cardiac output

Question 24

What is the Fick principle equation

Answer 24

CO= O2 consumption/ (artery O - vein O)

Question 25

Calculation of what differentiates Low Cardiac Output Heart Failure from High Cardiac Output Heart Failure

Answer 25

SVR (or TPR)

Question 26

Which type of cardiac output heart failure has a low ejection fraction

Answer 26

Low cardiac output heart failure

Question 27

How is mean arterial pressure calculated

Answer 27

MAP = ⅓ SAP + ⅔ DAP

Question 28

How is pulse pressure calculated

Answer 28

PP = SAP-DAP

Question 29

How is pulmonary vascular resistance calculated

Answer 29

PVR = (MPAP-LAP)/CO

Question 30

How is systemic vascular resistance calculated

Answer 30

SVR = (MAP-RAP)/CO

Question 31

Increased SV to what change in PP

Answer 31

Increased PP

Question 32

Decreased SV to what change in PP

Answer 32

Decreased PP

Question 33

Increased HR to what change in PP

Answer 33

Decreased PP

Question 34

Decreased DR to what change in PP

Answer 34

Increased PP