Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

My Cardiology > Anatomy > Flashcards

Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Blood enter the right atrium through which 2 structures

A

Superior vena cavae and Inferior vena cava

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Which vessel drains blood from above the heart

A

Superior vana cava

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which vessel drains blood from below the heart

A

Inferior vena cava

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which vessel from the heart pumps blood into the lungs

A

Pulmonary artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The pulmonary artery receives blood from which sections of the heart

A

right atrium and right ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How many pulmonary veins are there

A

Four

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Where are the entrance of the pulmonary veins found in the heart

A

left atrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Blood from the left ventricle exits the heart through which vessel

A

Aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which wall of the heart is very thick?

A

The wall of the left ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How many valves are in the heart

A

Four

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Name the four valves of the heart

A

Tricuspid valve, mitral valve, aortic valve and pulmononic valve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Location of the tricuspid valve

A

Between right atrium and right ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Location of the pulmonic valve

A

Between right ventricle and pulmonary artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Location of the mitral valve

A

Between left atrium and left ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Location of the aortic valve

A

Left ventricle and aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which of the heart valves only have 2 cusps/leaflets

A

Mitral valve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Which chamber of the hearts lies anterior and is usually damaged in chest injuries

A

Right ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

The esophagus sits between which structures of the heart

A

left atrium (anterior) and aorta (posterior)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Which chamber of the heart, if enlarged can cause dysphagia because of compression of the esophagus

A

left atrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Which two coronary arteries branch off the aorta

A

Left main coronary artery and the right coronary artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The left main coronary artery bifurcates into which two arteries

A

left circumflex coronary artery and left anterior descending coronary artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

The left anterior descending coronary artery supplies which section of the heart

A

Anterior wall of the left ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

The left circumflex coronary artery supplies which section of the artery

A

Lateral wall of the left ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

The right coronary artery supplies blood to which areas of the heart

A

Wall of the right ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

The posterior descending coronary artery supplies which areas of the heart

A

inferior wall of the left ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

The posterior descending coronary artery is a branch of which artery in 90% of people

A

Right coronary artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

The posterior descending coronary artery is a branch of which artery in 10% of people

A

Left circumflex coronary artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Venous blood from the myocardium drains into which sinus

A

Coronary sinus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Which two papillary muscles make up the mitral valve

A

Anterolateral and posteromedial papillary muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Which papillary muscle of the mitral valve has a dual blood supply

A

Anterolateral papillary muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Which blood vessel supplies the anterolateral papillary muscle

A

Left anterior descending coronary artery and left circumflex coronary artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Which papillary muscle in the mitral valve is LEAST likely to suffer from ischemia

A

Anterlateral papillary muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Which blood vessel supplies the posteromedial papillary muscle

A

Right coronary artery or left circumflex coronary artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Which papillary muscle in the mitral valve is MOST likely to suffer from ischemia

A

Posteromedial papillary muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Where is the sinoatrial node found

A

lateral wall of the right atrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

What generates electrical activity through the heart

A

Synovial node

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Where is the atrioventricular node located

A

In the interatrial septum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Electrical signals from the AV travel to the Purkinje fibers through which bundles

A

HIS bundles, right bundles and left bundles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Where is the HIS bundles located

A

in the Interventricular septum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Which blood vessel supplies the SA and AV nodes in the heart

A

Right coronary artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Which intercostal space is the apex of the heart found

A

Left fifth intercostal space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

The right border of the heart is formed by which structure

A

Right atrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

The left border of the heart is formed by which structure

A

Left ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

The superior border of the heart is formed by which structures

A

Right and left auricles plus the conus arteriosus of the right ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

The inferior border of the heart is formed mostly by which structure

A

Right

ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

The anterior (sternocostal) surface of the heart is formed primarily by

A

the right

ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

The posterior surface of the heart is formed primarily by

A

the left atrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

The diaphragmatic surface of the heart is formed primarily by

A

the left ventricle

49
Q

Three main sulci of the heart surface

A

coronary and the anterior and posterior interventricular sulci

50
Q

What is generally found in the sulci of the heart surface

A

Major blood vessels and epicardial fat

51
Q

The third right costal

cartilage corresponds to which anatomical aspect of the heart

A

Upper right aspect

52
Q

The sixth right costal

cartilage corresponds to which anatomical aspect of the heart

A

lower right aspect

53
Q

The left second costal

cartilage corresponds to which anatomical aspect of the heart

A

upper left aspect

54
Q

The left fifth intercostal

cartilage corresponds to which anatomical aspect of the heart

A

apex

55
Q

The right atrium receives blood from everywhere in the body except

A

Blood from the lungs via the pulmonary vein

56
Q

The auricle is derived from which fetal structure

A

Fetal atrium

57
Q

What is the name of the muscles that are in the auricle

A

Pectinate muscles

58
Q

Which structure of the right atrium is the smooth walled portion that receives blood from the IVC and SVC

A

sinus venarum

59
Q

Which fetal structure is the sinus venarum derived from

A

Sinus venosus

60
Q

Which structure (vertical ridge) separates the pectinate muscles and the sinus venarum in the right atrium

A

crista terminalis

61
Q

Which node is found in the crista terminalis

A

Sinoatrial node

62
Q

Where is the fossa ovalis located in the heart

A

the right atrium

63
Q

Where is the trabeculae carneae (ridges of myocardium) found in the heart

A

right ventricle

64
Q

Which structure in the heart controls closure of the valves during contraction of the ventricles

A

chordae tendineae

65
Q

Smooth area of the right ventricle

A

Infundibulum

66
Q

band of cardiac
muscle between interventricular septum and anterior papillary muscle
which conducts part of the cardiac conduction system

A

septomarginal trabecula (moderator band)

67
Q

ridges of myocardium , normally thick

A

trabeculae carneae

68
Q

Which ventricle contains trabeculae carneae

A

left ventricle

69
Q

Which structure of the heart leads to the aortic semilunar valve and ascending
aorta

A

aortic vestibule

70
Q

When do the semilunar and atrioventricular valves close with respect to systole

A

The semilunar valves close at the beginning of systole and atrioventricular valves close at the end of systole

71
Q

Which two valves are commonly involved in valvular heart diseases in which heart murmurs are heard

A

Aortic and mitral valves

72
Q

the mitral valve should be closed and the aortic

valve should be open in ventricular systole or diastole?

A

Ventricular systole

73
Q

the mitral valve should be open and the aortic valve should be closed in ventricular systole or diastole?

A

Ventricular diastole

74
Q

A heart murmur is heard upstream or downstream from the valve?

A

Downstream

75
Q

Anatomical landmark to auscultate for an aortic stenosis

A

Right upper sternum

76
Q

Anatomical landmark to auscultate for a mitral insufficiency

A

upper lateral chest

77
Q

Anatomical landmark to auscultate for a tricuspid insufficiency

A

right lower sternum

78
Q

Anatomical landmark to auscultate for a mitral stenosis or aortic insufficiency

A

Apex (below 5th rib)

79
Q

What type of innervation increases heart rate

A

Sympathetic stimulation

80
Q

Three layers of the pericardium

A

an outer fibrous layer and a double-layered

parietal and visceral serous layers

81
Q

The fibrous pericardium is attached to the central tendon of which organ

A

Diaphragm

82
Q

Which structure maintains the position if the heart in the middle mediastinium

A

fibrous pericardium

83
Q

Two sinuses made form the pericardial cavity

A

transverse pericardial sinus and oblique pericardial sinus

84
Q

The transverse pericardial sinus separates which vessels

A

great arteries from the

great veins

85
Q

Which pericardial sinus is a blind space

A

oblique pericardial sinus

86
Q

What is the anterior border of the superior mediastinum

A

manubrium

87
Q

What is the posterior border of the superior mediastinum

A

upper 4 thoracic vertebrae

88
Q

What is the superior border of the superior mediastinum

A

thoracic inlet

89
Q

The line that divides the superior and inferior mediastinum runs from where to where

A

sternal angle (of Lois) to T4/ T5 intervertebral disc

90
Q

Which ligament attaches the fibrous pericardium to the posterior of the sternum

A

sterno-pericardial ligaments

91
Q

what are the anatomical relations of the transverse pericardial sinus to the great vessels

A

Anterior: aorta & pulmonary arteries Posterior: superior venacava
Inferior: left atrium

92
Q

Which pericardial sinus is clinically important when trying to ligate the great vessels

A

Transverse pericardial sinus

93
Q

Which pericardial sinus separates the left atrium form the aorta

A

Oblique pericardial sinus

94
Q

Arterial supply of the pericardium

A

Pericardiacophrenic artery
Musculophrenic artery
Bronchial, esophageal & superior phrenic arteries Coronary arteries

95
Q

Venous supply of the pericardium

A

Pericardiacophrenic veins

Tributaries of azygos venous system

96
Q

Nerve supply of the pericardium

A

Phrenic nerves (C3-C5)
Vagus nerves
Sympathetic trunk

97
Q

Which never provides sensory innervation to fibrous & parietal layer of serous pericardium

A

phrenic nerves

98
Q

Which nerves provide vasomotor innervation to the pericardium

A

Sympathetic trunk

99
Q

What is cardiac tamponade

A

heart compression due to fluid accumulation in the pericardial cavity

100
Q

Which intercostal space is the needle passed during a pericardiocentesis

A

5th or 6th intercostal space

101
Q

Which intercostal space is anterior to the apex of the heart

A

5th ICS

102
Q

Which chamber of the heart forms most of the diaphragmatic surface

A

left ventricle

103
Q

The smooth and rough part of the right atrium is separated internally and externally by

A

externally by the sulcus terminalis (terminal groove) and internally by crista terminalis

104
Q

Opening of coronary sinus is between which 2 structures

A

right AV orifice & IVC

105
Q

the opening of the SVC corresponds with which costal cartilage level

A

3rd

106
Q

the opening of the IVC corresponds with which costal cartilage level

A

5th

107
Q

The rough and smooth part of the right ventricle is separated by what structure

A

supraventricular crest

108
Q

What are trabeculae carneae

A

irregular ridges of ventricular myocardium

109
Q

Which structure prevent valve leaflet prolapse

A

Papillary muscles

110
Q

fibrous cords that connect papillary muscles to valve leaflets

A

Chordae tendinae

111
Q

muscular band that conveys AV bundle from septum to base of ventricle at site of anterior papillary muscle

A

Moderator band/ septomarginal trabeculae

112
Q

Thromi usually form in the walls of which chamber of the heart

A

left atrium

113
Q

Which chamber of the heart forms the apex

A

Left ventricle

114
Q

Across which anatomical line is cardiac percussion performed?

A

left anterior axillary line to the right anterior axillary line

115
Q

When doing cardiac percussion the percussion note changes from what to what

A

Changes from resonance to dullness

116
Q

Which ICS do you auscultate for aortic valve

A

2nd ICS to the right of sternal border

117
Q

Which ICS do you auscultate for pulmonary valve

A

2nd ICS to the left of sternal border

118
Q

Which ICS do you auscultate for tricuspid valve

A

near left sternal border in 5th /6th ICS

119
Q

Which ICS do you auscultate for mitral valve

A

apex of heart in 5th ICS in midclavicular line

My Cardiology (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions