Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy 1 > Respiratory Tract > Flashcards

Respiratory Tract Flashcards

1
Q

What lines the respiratory segment of the nose

A

Ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the olfactory segment of the nose lined with

A

Ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium and olfactory receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the clinical significance of the olfactory nerve

A

The only nerve that is able to fully regenerate

Because of this it is used in research

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What type of cartilage is the nose made of

A

Hyaline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the boundaries of the internal portion of the nose

A

It is inferior to the anterior cranial fossa and it is superior to the mouth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What opens to the internal portion of the nose

A

Paranasal sinuses and the nasolacrimal duct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the functions of the nose

A

Warming and filtering air which is done via chonchae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is conchae

A

Thin bony element forming the upper chambers of the nasal cavity and they increase surface area of the nasal cavity and they increase surface area providing for rapid warming and humidifying of the air

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the paranasal sinuses responsible for

A

Lighten the skull, vocal resonance and modification of speech

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the paranasal sinuses

A

Air filled spaces within the bones of the skull and face

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the paired paranasal sinuses

A

Frontal
Sphenoid
Maxillary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Why is the maxillary sinus problematic

A

It drains from the top

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Why is sinusitis of the maxillary sinus often accompanied with toothache

A

The floor of it is related to the upper teeth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is an oro-antra fistula

A

An opening created between a paranasal sinus and the mouth

Abnormal connection between two epithelium lined organs that should not communicate and do not normally connect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does the larynx do

A

Helps regulate the volume of air that enters and leaves the lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Where does the larynx lie

A

C3 - C6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Where does the Adam’s apple sit

A

Thyroid cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Why is the Adam’s apple prominent mores in males

A

Testosterone causes the cartilage to grow forward pulling the voice box with it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the arytenoid cartilages

A

Pair of pyramid shaped pieces of cartilage at the back of the larynx which are essential in the production of sound
Attached to the vocal chords

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are the corniculate cartilages

A

Articulate with the arytenoid cartilage as they are attached to it, help in articulating
Made of elastic minor cartilage

21
Q

What are the cuneiform cartilages

A

Elastic cartilage, supports the epiglottis and vocal folds laterally

22
Q

What is the epiglottis

A

Elastic cartilage

When contents are swallowed, it acts to cover the larynx

23
Q

What is a cricothyroidotomy

A

Done when there is a foreign object in the upper airway and is often used when there is an indication of facial trauma or swelling of the glottis

24
Q

Where does the trachea begin

A

C6

25
Q

What is the smooth muscle that is at the posterior of the trachea

A

Trachealis

26
Q

Why is a tracheostomy performed

A

Used for acutely ill patients as a long term mechanical ventilation where failed endotracheal intubation has occurred

27
Q

What is the difference between the left and right bronchus

A

The right is vertical and greater in diameter and shorter than the left bronchus

28
Q

What type of cell produces surfactant

A

Type 2

29
Q

Why do premature babies have breathing issues

A

They do not produce surfactant in time

30
Q

When is surfactant fully developed

A

Week 36

31
Q

Where do the paranasal sinuses and nasolacrimal duct drain

A

Nasal cavity

32
Q

What type of epithelium lines the nasal conchae

A

Respiratory epithelium

33
Q

If the conchae become swollen due to infection, what would the impact be on the patient

A

Blockage of nose/deviated septum, leasing to reduced air flow through the nasal cavity

34
Q

What is unique about the tracheal rings

A

Incomplete c shaped rings

35
Q

What replaces the deficient area posterior of the trachea where there is no cartilage

A

Trachealis (smooth muscle)

36
Q

What is the mucociliary escalator

A

The beating of cilia to move the mucous superiority towards the oropharynx for expulsion or to the stomach for destruction by stomach acid

37
Q

How do you test the nerves of the pharynx

A

Ask the patient to say ahh and you would see no movement of the uvula

38
Q

Where is a tracheostomy tube placed

A

2-5th tracheal space

39
Q

What are the complications of a tracheostomy

A

Stenosis (abnormal narrowing, failure, infection, slippage out of site)

40
Q

What cartilage forms a complete tracheal ring

A

Cricoid cartilage

41
Q

Why may nodules in the hilum be black

A

Carbon deposits from macrophages

42
Q

How is a resin lung cast made

A

Resin injections of different colours to the pulmonary trunk (blue), pulmonary veins (red) and the bronchial tree followed by direction and retrieval

43
Q

What are the divisions that occur after the primary bronchi

A

Lobar and segmental bronchi

44
Q

What bronchus is a foreign body more likely to go into

A

The right bronchus

45
Q

How do bronchi divide

A

Superior and inferior lobe bronchus

Right lung also has middle bronchus

46
Q

What fissures does the right lung contain

A

Oblique and horizontal

47
Q

What fissures does the left lung contain

A

Oblique

48
Q

What does the horizontal fissure separate

A

The middle lobe and the superior lobe

Anatomy 1 (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions