Alimentary Controls Flashcards
What hormones are found in the GI Tract
Cholecystokinin (CCK)
Gastric
Gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP)
Secretin
What is gustation
Taste
What is olfaction
Smell
What cranial nerves affect gustation
CN 7 and 9
What cranial nerves affect olfaction
CN 1
Describe properties of chewing
Uses jaw, facial and tongue muscles
Skeletal in type controlled by somatic nerves
Voluntary control via CN 5,7 and 12
Describe properties of swallowing
Uses jaw, tongue and pharyngeal muscles
Controlled by somatic nerves
Automatic control via CN 5,9,10 and 12
What does the stomach secrete
Gastric juice
What occurs in the cephalon phase of gastric stimuli
Mechanical - chewing
Chemical - taste and smell
Psychic - visual and emotional
What occurs in the gastric phase of gastric stimuli
Mechanical - distension
Chemical - food in stomach
What occurs in the intestinal phase of gastric stimuli
Mechanical - distension
Chemical - acid, protein in duodenum
What occurs in the cephalic phase of gastric activity
Nerves - long and short reflexes
Hormones - GIP, secretin
Tends to slow gastric emptying
What is secreted by the small intestine
Intestinal juice
How is the small intestine controlled
Mainly by local nerves (short reflexes) in response to intra-luminal stimuli
What is pancreatic juice rich in
Bicarbonate
What controls the cephalic phase of bicarbonate
CN10, vagus nerve
What controls the intestinal phase of bicarbonate
Secretin, CCK and VIP
What is secretin
Hormone released from the duodenum in response to acid. Stimulates secretion from bicarbonate-rich pancreatic juice
What is Cholecystokinin (CCK)
Facilitates digestion in the small intestine
What is the function of GIP
Causes an increase in insulin
What is the function of VIP
Regulates blood flow, smooth muscle activity and secretion
