Locomotion

Question 1

What are the functions of bone

Answer 1

Support 
Protection
Mechanical basis
Storage
New cells

Question 2

What are the different types of bone

Answer 2

Compact

Spongy

Question 3

What is compact bone

Answer 3

All the cells are tightly joined together and provides support for the main body of the bone

Question 4

What is spongy bone

Answer 4

Looks porous and is found at the top and bottom ends of the bone

Question 5

How are bones distinguished

Answer 5

Amount of solid matter and the size of space

Question 6

What is the function of grooves and indentations in bones

Answer 6

Present for muscle attachment and vessels

Question 7

What is a bone marrow biopsy called

Answer 7

Trephine biopsy

Question 8

What does compact bone allow

Answer 8

Strength

Question 9

Where is compact bone found in long bones

Answer 9

Middle of the shaft (the body)

Question 10

What are the classifications of bones

Answer 10

Long bones
Short bones
Flat bones
Irregular bones
Sesamoid bones

Question 11

What are long bones

Answer 11

Tubular

Question 12

What are short bones and give examples

Answer 12

Cuboidal

Tarsus and carpus

Question 13

What are flat bones and give an example

Answer 13

Protective

Skull

Question 14

What are irregular bones

Answer 14

Facial skeleton

Question 15

Why is the eye zone dangerous

Answer 15

Bones are very thin so it is easy to cause damage to nerves around the area
Eg - infraorbital nerve and superior alveolar nerve

Question 16

Why are tumours in the maxillary sinus often symptomatic

Answer 16

Maxillary sinus is so large that bu the time symptoms show the tumour is fairly large

Question 17

What is the classifications inside a long bone

Answer 17

Diaphysis - shaft
Epiphysis - Ends of long bones
Metaphysic - area of growth between diaphysis and epiphysis
Articular cartilage (hyaline)
Periosteum
Medulla - bone marrow

Question 18

What are bone markings

Answer 18

Where tendons, ligaments or fascia is attached

Where arteries lie adjacent

Question 19

What are bone formations

Answer 19

Passage of a tendon to improve leverage

Question 20

What is a capitulum and give an example of a bone it is present on

Answer 20

Articulates the head of the radius, found at the head of the humerus

Question 21

What is a condyle and what is an example of a bone it is present on

Answer 21

Rounded surface at the end of some bones forming an articulation with another bone
eg - femur

Question 22

What is a crest and give an example of a bone it is present on

Answer 22

A ridge

eg - iliac crest

Question 23

What is an epicondye and give an example of a bone it is present on

Answer 23

A protuberance above or on the condyle of a long bone

Question 24

What is a facet and give an example of a bone it is present on

Answer 24

Flat surface

eg - vertebra

Question 25

What is a foramen and give is an example of a bone it is present on

Answer 25

Hole through bone | eg - base of skull

Question 26

What is a fossa and give an example of a bone it is present on

Answer 26

Shallow depression or hollow area | eg - scapula

Question 27

What is a head and give an example of a bone it is present on

Answer 27

Prominent rounded surface | eg - femur

Question 28

What is a line and give an example of a bone it is present on

Answer 28

Slight, elongated ridge | eg - tibia

Question 29

What is a malleolus and give an example of a bone it is present on

Answer 29

Expanded projection at the distal end of the fibula or tibia

Question 30

What is a notch and give an example of a bone it is present on

Answer 30

Small indentation | eg - pelvis

Question 31

What is a trochanter and give an example of a bone it is present on

Answer 31

Bony prominence for muscle attachment | eg - femur

Question 32

What is a tubercle and give an example of a bone it is present on

Answer 32

Anatomical structure that is held to resemble a pulley | eg - humerus

Question 33

What is a tuberosity and give is an example of a bone it is present on

Answer 33

Rough surface | eg - tibia

Question 34

What is the medial plane

Answer 34

Divides down the middle making equal left and right sides

Question 35

What is the sagittal plane

Answer 35

Divides down the middle making unequal left and right sides

Question 36

What is the frontal plane

Answer 36

Divides into front and back

Question 37

What does the mechanical arrangement of the body allow when standing at ease

Answer 37

That only a few back and lower limb muscles are active | Hip and knee joints are most stable

Question 38

What prevents the body from falling forward

Answer 38

Gait cycle | Muscles working to slow you down and prevent you falling over

Question 39

How many bones does the body have

Answer 39

206

Question 40

Why are we born with more bones

Answer 40

Many of the extra bones are made of hyaline cartilage and they become ossified and fuse together This occurs in the left 20s

Question 41

What does the axial skeleton do

Answer 41

Provides stability for all the body

Question 42

What does the axial skeleton consist of

Answer 42

The skull The vertebral column The ribs Costal cartilages

Question 43

What is the appendicular skeleton composed of

Answer 43

Bones of the upper limbs and the lower limbs

Question 44

What happens to the epiphysis plate when the bone stops growing

Answer 44

The cartilage is replaced by osteoid tissue and the epiphyseal plate becomes an epiphyseal line

Question 45

What is the marrow cavity

Answer 45

At the end of bones

Question 46

What is articular cartilage

Answer 46

Joining cartilage that joins bone to bone

Question 47

What is arthritis due to

Answer 47

Bones rubbing together due to the wear down of the articular cartilage