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Anatomy 1 > Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 main functional components of cranial nerves

A

Motor to voluntary muscles
Motor to involuntary muscles
Sensory

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2
Q

What are the different types of motor innervation

A

Somatic motor - not to the pharyngeal arches

Branchial motor - to the pharyngeal arches

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3
Q

What are the different types of sensory innervation

A

From viscera
General sensation
Special senses

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4
Q

What type of innervation does the olfactory nerve provide

A

Special sensory

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5
Q

How does the olfactory nerve regenerate

A

The epithelial cells become blocked with mucus and so cannot work properly but can regenerate so the sense of smell will come back

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6
Q

How is the olfactory nerve use in stem cell research

A

It has been taken out and injected into the spinal cord of patients with paralysis

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7
Q

What type of innervation does the optic nerve provide

A

Special sensory

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8
Q

Where are the nerve cell bodies of the optic nerve

A

In the retina

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9
Q

What makes the optic nerve unique

A

It is a direct extension of the brain meaning it is surrounded by cranial meninges

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10
Q

How does MS effect the optic nerve

A

It causes demyelination

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11
Q

What type of innervation does the oculomotor nerve provide

A

Somatic motor

Visceral motor

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12
Q

Where do the fibres of the oculomotor nerve arise from

A

Nucleus in the midbrain

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13
Q

What does the somatic component of the oculomotor nerve supply

A

Superior rectus
Medial rectus
Inferior oblique
Levator palpeerage superioris

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14
Q

What does the visceral motor component of the oculomotor nerve do

A

Provides parasympathetic innervation to the sphincter papillae and ciliary muscle
It does this via the ciliary ganglion

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15
Q

What happens to the eye if the oculomotor nerve is damaged

A

Common position is for the eye to go down and out

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16
Q

What type of innervation does the trochlear nerve give

A

Somatic motor

17
Q

What does the trochlear nerve supply

A

Superior oblique

18
Q

Where are the cell bodies of the trochlear nerve

A

In the midbrain

19
Q

What is trochlear nerve palsy

A

Results in double vision

Worst when looking done

20
Q

How is the trochlear nerve tested

A

Examined in conjunction with the oculomotor and abducens nerve by testing the movement of the eye

21
Q

What type of innervation does the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve give

A

Provides general sensory innervation

22
Q

What does the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve supply

A

Cornea, skin of the forehead, the scalp, eyelids, nose, mucosa of the nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses
Provides parasympathetic supply to the lacrimal gland

23
Q

What type of innervation does the maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve provide

A

General sensory

24
Q

What does the maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve supply

A

Sensation to the maxilla part of the face, the upper lip, maxillary teeth (through the superior alveolar nerve) and the maxillary sinuses

25
Q

What type of innervation does the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve provide

A

General sensory

Brachial motor

26
Q

What does the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve supply

A

Side of the mandible, the mandibular teeth (inferior alveolar nerve), mucosa of the mouth and the anterior 2/3 of the tongue
Muscles of mastication

27
Q

What type of innervation does the abducens nerve provide

A

Somatic motor

28
Q

Where does the abducens nerve arise from

A

Pons in the brainstem

29
Q

What does the abducens nerve supple

A

Lateral rectus

30
Q

What type of innervation does the facial nerve provide

A

Branchial motor
Special sensory
Visceral motor

31
Q

What does the branchial motor part of the facial nerve supply

A

Muscles of facial expression
Scalp
Stapedius

32
Q

What does the stapedius do

A

Dampens loud sounds

33
Q

What does the special sensory component of the facial nerve supply

A

Parasympathetic innervation to the submandibular and sublingual glands
Visceral motor innervation to the salivary glands, lacrimal gland and glands of the nose and palate

Anatomy 1 (23 decks)

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