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Anatomy 1 > Clinical Anatomy of the Face > Flashcards

Clinical Anatomy of the Face Flashcards

1
Q

What is the cranium

A

The skeleton of the head

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2
Q

What is the neurocranium

A

Bony covering of the brain and meninges

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3
Q

What is the roof of the neurocranium called

A

The calvaria

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4
Q

What is the floor of the neurocranium called

A

The cranial base

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5
Q

How many bones does the neurocranium consist of

A

8

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6
Q

What is the viscerocranium

A

Facial skeleton

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7
Q

How many bones does the viscerocranium consist of

A

14

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8
Q

Why is resorption of one tooth an issue

A

As it effects the tooth next to it causing it to restore
Big issue for lower teeth as the mental foramen resorbs
Presses on the nerves causing pain

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9
Q

What are the sensory branches of the trigeminal nerve

A

Ophthalmic
Maxillary
Mandibular

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10
Q

What nerve does the chicken pox virus sit in

A

Trigeminal nerve

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11
Q

Where are the boundaries of the masseter

A

Zygomatic arch

Mandible

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12
Q

Where are the boundaries of the temporalis

A

Frontal/parietal bones to the coronoid process of the mandible

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13
Q

How many facial muscles are there

A

43

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14
Q

What are the facial muscles arranged around

A

The orifices

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15
Q

Where do the facial muscles originate and insert

A

Originate from bone or fascia and insert onto the skin

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16
Q

How are facial expressions made

A

Muscles contract and pull on skin exerting their effect

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17
Q

What nerve are facial muscles supplied by

A

Facial CN 7

18
Q

What is the orbicularis oris

A

Encloses the opening to the oral cavity

19
Q

Where does the orbicularis oris attach and insert

A

Attaches from the maxilla and other muscles of the cheek

Inserts into the skin and mucous membranes of the lips

20
Q

What does a defect in the joining of the orbicularis oris result in

A

Cleft lip

21
Q

What is the buccinator

A

Muscle located between the mandible and maxilla

22
Q

What does the buccinator do

A

Pulls the cheek inwards against the teeth, preventing food accumulating in that area

23
Q

What is the orbicularis oculi

A

Surrounds the eye socket and extends into the eyelid

24
Q

What does the orbicularis oculi do

A

Blinking
Continual contraction in sleep
Draining of tears
Scrunching up the eyes

25
Q

What is the corrugated supercilia

A

Located posteriorly to the orbicularis oculi

Draws eyebrows together

26
Q

What nerve are the orbicularis oculi and the corrugated supercilia supplied by

A

Facial CN 7

27
Q

What are the muscles of the nasal area

A

Nasalis
Procerus
Depressor septi nasi

28
Q

Why can mumps be painful

A

Parotid gland is near the end and has the facial nerve going through it therefore swelling of this gland results in pressing on the facial nerve

29
Q

What is facial palsy

A

Weakness/paralysis of the face

30
Q

What is a parotidectomy

A

Surgical excision of the parotid gland

31
Q

What is facial reanimation

A

Used to treat facial paralysis

Involves muscle transfer and nerve grafting

32
Q

Why is it best to do facial reconstruction early

A

Otherwise muscles will die

33
Q

What is the nerve that is often used for facial reanimation

A

Hypoglossal side to end

Anastomoses is the most popular procedure

34
Q

What is Bell’s palsy

A

Results in facial paralysis on one side and most common cranial neuropathy

35
Q

What drugs are often used to treat Bell’s palsy

A

Prednisolone and acyclovir

36
Q

When is Bell’s palsy prognosis worst for patients

A

When it does not resolve in 3 weeks

37
Q

How do you tell the difference between Bell’s palsy and a stroke

A

Bell’s palsy affects the forehead, stroke does not

38
Q

What percentage of head and neck tumours are in the salivary glands

A

3

39
Q

What percentage of tumours in the salivary glands are in the parotid

A

75-85

40
Q

What percentage of parotid tumours are benign

A

70-80

Anatomy 1 (23 decks)

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