Respiratory Pathologies Flashcards
Asthma
Chronic airway obstruction
Asthma S&S
- shortness of breath
- dyspnea
- wheezing
- dry cough
- productive cough
- tachypnea
Asthma Treatment
- inhaled beta-agonist
- nebulizer
Exercise-Induced Bronchospasm
Aerobic exercise can trigger airway hyperreactivity
Exercise-Induced Bronchospasm S&S
- shortness of breath
- dyspnea
- wheezing
- dry cough
- productive cough
- tachypnea
Exercise-Induced Bronchospasm Treatment
- inhaled beta-agonist before workout
- pre-warmup burst of physical activity
- nebulizer
Hyperventilation
Increase respiratory rate leading to decrease blood CO2
Hyperventilation S&S
- light-headedness
- numbness or tingling
- air hunger
- anxious
- increase respiratory rate
- shallow breathing
Hyperventilation Treatment
allow for rebreathing to increase CO2 intake
Upper Respiratory Tract Infection
viral infection affecting the URTI
Upper Respiratory Tract Infection S&S
- fever
- cough
- nasal congestion
- sore throat
- runny nose
Upper Respiratory Tract Infection Treatment
- rest & fluids
- cough suppressants
- decongestion
- antihistamine
- NSAIDs
- Vitamin C
- ZInc
Upper Respiratory Tract Infection RTP
- continue activity unless symptoms are severe
- no exercise w/ fever
- moderate activity during severe symptoms
- generally lasts 7-14 days
Bronchitis
Chronic or acute inflammatory condition of the bronchial passage
Bronchitis S&S
- URTI
- productive cough
- mild shortness of breath
- chest tightness
- auscultation of crackles or rhonchi
Bronchitis Treatment
- Rest
- cough suppressants
- NSAIDs
- Fluids
Bronchitis RTP
- Acute can last 7-14 days
- play as tolerated once afebrile
Pneumonia
any condition that results in the inflammation of the lung parenchyma from viral, bacterial, or fungal pathogens
Pneumonia S&S
- short/labored breath
- chest pain
- productive cough dark discolored sputum
- diaphragmatic irritation
- advantageous breath sounds
Pneumonia Treatment
- Antibiotics
- hydration
- mucolytis
- cough suppressants
- hospitalization if extreme
Influenza
Viral bronchitis due to influenza A or B (acute onset)
Influenza S&S
- headaches
- cough
- sore throat
- chills
- myalgia
- malaise
- fever over 100.5
- ill appearance
- red, watery eyes
- tender cervical lymph nodes
Influenza Treatment
treatment decreases duration and severity
COVID-19 S&S
- fever or chills
- cough
- shortness of breath
- fatigue
- muscle/body aches
- headaches
- ness loss in taste or smell
- sore throat
- congestion or runny nose
- diarrhea
COVID-19 Treatment
- wash hands, wear mask, clean surfaces
- stay home
- monitor & treat symptoms
- isolate
Pneumothorax
gas or air that is trapped in the chest wall between the parietal and visceral pleura that causes lungs to collapse
Pneumothorax S&S
- sudden onset of chest pain
- dyspnea
- tachypnea
- mild respiratory distress
- trachea shifts away from affected lung
Pneumothorax Treatment
refer immediately, a physician will remove the air from the pleural space allowing the lungs to reexpand
Pneumothorax RTP
- when healing of underlying cause has completed
- no air travel for 1 week after chest tube has been removed
- progress over 1 week to unrestricted participation
Hemothorax
serious condition that occurs when blood collects in the pleural space
Caused by:
- typically results from trauma
Hemothorax S&S
- chest pain
- dyspnea that worsens rapidly
Hemothorax RTP
- when healing of underlying cause has completed
- no air travel for 1 week after chest tube is removed
- progress over 1 week to unrestricted participation
Lung Cancer S&S
- cough w/ or w.out bloody sputum
- fever
- fatigue
- weight loss
- loss of appetite
- chest pain
- shortness of breath
- pneumonia
Lung Cancer Treatment
- radiotherapy
- chemotherapy
- surgical removal
- palliative therapy
