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Gen Med > Female Genitourinary Pathologies > Flashcards

Female Genitourinary Pathologies Flashcards

1
Q

Vaginitis Cause

A

inflammation of the vagina caused by:
- bacteria
- yeast infection
- parasites
- vaginal atrophy from reduced estrogen levels after menopause

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2
Q

Vaginitis S&S

A
  • abnormal discharge
  • itching or irritation
  • dysuria
  • light bleeding or spotting
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3
Q

Vaginitis Treatment

A
  • anti-fungal cream
  • metronidazole meds
  • yogurt w/ active cultures
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4
Q

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

A

Infection of the female reproductive system, including the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries
- typically transmitted through intercourse

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5
Q

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease S&S

A
  • abnormal discharge
  • pain in pelvis or low abdomen
  • abnormal bleeding
  • amenorrhea
  • fever
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6
Q

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease Treatment

A
  • antibiotics
  • STD test
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7
Q

Yeast Infection

A

Fungus living inside the vagina caused by:
- antibiotics
- estrogen levels
- pregnancy
- diabetes
- HIV

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8
Q

Yeast Infection S&S

A
  • itching
  • soreness
  • burning/painful urination or sex
  • symptoms are more likely a week before menstrual period
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9
Q

Dysmenorrhea

A

painful menstruation

Caused by:
- prostaglandin constriction of the vessels in the uterus
- gross pathological condition

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10
Q

Dysmenorrhea S&S

A
  • lower abdominal cramping
  • low back pain
  • nausea
  • vomitting
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11
Q

Dysmenorrhea Treatment

A

Home Care:
- heat pad
- regular exercise
- NSAIDs

Referral:
- birth control
- surgery to fix pathological issues

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12
Q

Amenorrhea

A

Abnormal absence of menstration

Caused by:
- pregnancy
- lifestyles
- hormone imbalance

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13
Q

Amenorrhea S&S

A
  • milky nipple discharge
  • hair loss
  • headaches
  • vision change
  • excessive facial har
  • pelvic pain
  • acne
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14
Q

Endometriosis

A

Painful disorder in which the tissue that normally lines the inside of the uterus grows outside the uterus

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15
Q

Endometriosis S&S

A
  • Dysmenorrhea
  • dysuria
  • pain w/ bowel movements
  • pain w/ intercourse
  • infertility
  • constipation
  • bloating
  • nausea
  • vomiting
  • diarrhea
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16
Q

Endometriosis Treatment

A
  • NSAIDs
  • hormone therapy
  • surgery (endometrial implant removal or hysterectomy)
17
Q

Ovarian Cyst

A

Fluid-filled sac w/in or on the surface of an ovary

18
Q

Ovarian Cyst S&S

A
  • pelvic pain
  • painful bowel movement
  • painful sexual intercourse
  • breast tenderness
  • bladder tenderness
  • fever
  • nausea
  • vomiting
19
Q

Ovarian Cyst Treatment

A
  • most resolve naturally
  • birth control pills
  • surgery
20
Q

Pregnancy S&S

A
  • missed menstrual cycles
  • breast swelling or tenderness
  • nausea & vomitting
  • dehydration
  • weight gain
  • swelling of limbs
  • GERD
  • low back pain
21
Q

Pregnancy in Athletes

A
  • moderate exercise is encouraged
  • avoid exercise in a supine position
  • avoid scuba diving, hot tubs, and saunas
  • noncontact sports after 14 weeks
  • avoid heavy weight lifting
  • consider noncompetitive activity for endurance
22
Q

Breast Cancer

A

Most common type begins in milk ducts

23
Q

Breast Cancer S&S

A
  • lumps or thickening of breast tissue
  • change in breast size or shape
  • dimpling/pitting/peeling/scaling/flaking or redness of breasts
  • nipple discharge
  • inverted nipples
  • axillary lump
24
Q

Breast Cancer Treatment

A
  • lumpectomy
  • mastectomy
  • chemotherapy
  • hormone therapy
25
Q

Ovarian Cancer S&S

A
  • no early S&S
  • abdominal pressure/fullness/swelling/bloating
  • pelvic pain
  • loss of appetite
  • change in bladder or bowel habbits
26
Q

Ovarian Cancer Treatment

A
  • hysterectomy
  • chemotherapy
27
Q

Cervical Cancer

A

Caused by sexual transmitted HPV

28
Q

Cervical Cancer S&S

A
  • no early S&S
  • abnormal bleeding
  • vaginal discharge
  • pelvic pain
29
Q

Cervical Cancer Treatment

A
  • laser surgery
  • cryosurgery
  • hysterectomy
  • chemotherapy
30
Q

Cervical Cancer Prevention

A
  • HPV vaccine
  • pap test every 2-3 years after 21 y/o or w/ in 3 years of beginning to have sex

Gen Med (15 decks)

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