Female Genitourinary Pathologies Flashcards
Vaginitis Cause
inflammation of the vagina caused by:
- bacteria
- yeast infection
- parasites
- vaginal atrophy from reduced estrogen levels after menopause
Vaginitis S&S
- abnormal discharge
- itching or irritation
- dysuria
- light bleeding or spotting
Vaginitis Treatment
- anti-fungal cream
- metronidazole meds
- yogurt w/ active cultures
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
Infection of the female reproductive system, including the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries
- typically transmitted through intercourse
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease S&S
- abnormal discharge
- pain in pelvis or low abdomen
- abnormal bleeding
- amenorrhea
- fever
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease Treatment
- antibiotics
- STD test
Yeast Infection
Fungus living inside the vagina caused by:
- antibiotics
- estrogen levels
- pregnancy
- diabetes
- HIV
Yeast Infection S&S
- itching
- soreness
- burning/painful urination or sex
- symptoms are more likely a week before menstrual period
Dysmenorrhea
painful menstruation
Caused by:
- prostaglandin constriction of the vessels in the uterus
- gross pathological condition
Dysmenorrhea S&S
- lower abdominal cramping
- low back pain
- nausea
- vomitting
Dysmenorrhea Treatment
Home Care:
- heat pad
- regular exercise
- NSAIDs
Referral:
- birth control
- surgery to fix pathological issues
Amenorrhea
Abnormal absence of menstration
Caused by:
- pregnancy
- lifestyles
- hormone imbalance
Amenorrhea S&S
- milky nipple discharge
- hair loss
- headaches
- vision change
- excessive facial har
- pelvic pain
- acne
Endometriosis
Painful disorder in which the tissue that normally lines the inside of the uterus grows outside the uterus
Endometriosis S&S
- Dysmenorrhea
- dysuria
- pain w/ bowel movements
- pain w/ intercourse
- infertility
- constipation
- bloating
- nausea
- vomiting
- diarrhea
Endometriosis Treatment
- NSAIDs
- hormone therapy
- surgery (endometrial implant removal or hysterectomy)
Ovarian Cyst
Fluid-filled sac w/in or on the surface of an ovary
Ovarian Cyst S&S
- pelvic pain
- painful bowel movement
- painful sexual intercourse
- breast tenderness
- bladder tenderness
- fever
- nausea
- vomiting
Ovarian Cyst Treatment
- most resolve naturally
- birth control pills
- surgery
Pregnancy S&S
- missed menstrual cycles
- breast swelling or tenderness
- nausea & vomitting
- dehydration
- weight gain
- swelling of limbs
- GERD
- low back pain
Pregnancy in Athletes
- moderate exercise is encouraged
- avoid exercise in a supine position
- avoid scuba diving, hot tubs, and saunas
- noncontact sports after 14 weeks
- avoid heavy weight lifting
- consider noncompetitive activity for endurance
Breast Cancer
Most common type begins in milk ducts
Breast Cancer S&S
- lumps or thickening of breast tissue
- change in breast size or shape
- dimpling/pitting/peeling/scaling/flaking or redness of breasts
- nipple discharge
- inverted nipples
- axillary lump
Breast Cancer Treatment
- lumpectomy
- mastectomy
- chemotherapy
- hormone therapy
Ovarian Cancer S&S
- no early S&S
- abdominal pressure/fullness/swelling/bloating
- pelvic pain
- loss of appetite
- change in bladder or bowel habbits
Ovarian Cancer Treatment
- hysterectomy
- chemotherapy
Cervical Cancer
Caused by sexual transmitted HPV
Cervical Cancer S&S
- no early S&S
- abnormal bleeding
- vaginal discharge
- pelvic pain
Cervical Cancer Treatment
- laser surgery
- cryosurgery
- hysterectomy
- chemotherapy
Cervical Cancer Prevention
- HPV vaccine
- pap test every 2-3 years after 21 y/o or w/ in 3 years of beginning to have sex
