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Gen Med > GI Pathologies > Flashcards

GI Pathologies Flashcards

1
Q

Viral Gastroenteritis (stomach flu) Cause

A

Inflammation of the stomach and Small intestines

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2
Q

Viral Gastroenteritis (stomach flu) S&S

A
  • diarrhea
  • nausea
  • repeated emesis
  • fever (body aches, muscle pain, chills)
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3
Q

Viral Gastroenteritis (stomach flu) Treatment

A
  • OTC antiperistaltic drug or bismuth compound
  • hydration
  • diet
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4
Q

Viral Gastroenteritis (stomach flu) RTP

A
  • symptoms have resolved
  • demonstrate adequate hydration
  • demonstrate adequate nutrition
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5
Q

Food Poisoning cause

A

Bacterial infection caused by improperly cooked, stored, or handled food

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6
Q

Food Poisoning S&S

A

May present 4-6 hrs or 3-10 days after ingestion
- fever
- nausea
- emesis
- diarrhea
- abdominal cramps

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7
Q

Food Poisoning Treatment

A
  • OTC antiperistaltic drug or bismuth compound
  • OTC antiemetic
  • Antibiotic
  • hydration
  • diet
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8
Q

Food Poisoning RTP

A
  • symptoms have resolved
  • demonstrate adequate hydration
  • demonstrate adequate nutrition
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9
Q

Acid Reflux Disorder Cause

A

Stomach acid in the esophagus or back of the throat caused by (food, meds, fam history, obesity, exercise, behavioral disorder)

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10
Q

Acid Reflux Disorder S&S

A
  • chest pain
  • belching
  • chronic coughing
  • laryngitis
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11
Q

Acid Reflux Disorder Treatment

A
  • OTC antacids & H2 receptor antagonist
  • change in diet
  • change in lifestyle
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12
Q

Acid Reflux Disorder RTP

A

as tolerated with diet modifications

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13
Q

Peptic Ulcer Disease Cause

A

Ulcer in the lining of the stomach or duodenum
Caused by:
- NSAIDs
- spicy food
- stress

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14
Q

Peptic Ulcer Disease S&S

A
  • pain between naval and breast bone
  • pain after meals that change w/ food
  • loss of appetite
  • weight loss
  • emesis
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15
Q

Peptic Ulcer Disease Treatment

A
  • OTC antacids & H2 receptor antagonists
  • change in diet
    change in lifestyle
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16
Q

Peptic Ulcer Disease RTP

A

As tolerated with diet modifications

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17
Q

Appendicitis Cause

A

Acute obstruction and inflammation of the appendix

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18
Q

Appendicitis S&S

A
  • general umbilicus pain
  • McBurneys point
  • anorexia
  • emesis
  • diarrhea
  • psoas sign
  • obturator sign
  • rovsing sign
19
Q

Appendicitis Treatment

A

Surgical emergency

20
Q

Appendicitis RTP

A

surgeon clearance

21
Q

Cholecystitis Cause

A

Inflammation of the gallbladder, typically paired with gallstones

22
Q

Cholecystitis S&S

A
  • RUQ pain
  • Jaundice
  • fat intolerance
  • anorexia
  • emesis
  • fever
  • murphy’s sign
23
Q

Cholecystitis Treatment

A

Surgical removal

24
Q

Cholecystitis RTP

A

Surgeon clearance

25
Q

Chrons Disease & Ulcerative Colitis Cause

A

Severe inflammatory bowel diseases:
- Chrons: affects small intestine
- Ulcerative Colitis: affects colon

26
Q

Chrons Disease & Ulcerative Colitis S&S

A
  • Chronic abdominal pain
  • cramping
  • weight loss
  • bloody diarrhea
  • anemia
27
Q

Chrons Disease & Ulcerative Colitis Treatment

A

Lifestyle management:
- increase fluid intake
- small meals throughout the day
- avoid high fiber & greasy/fatty foods
- stress management
- Bowel restriction
- NSAIDs

28
Q

Celiac Disease Cause

A

An autoimmune disorder that causes damage to the lining of small intestines resulting in nutritional malabsorption

29
Q

Celiac Disease S&S

A

Diffuse:
- fam hx
- anemia
- bone density
- weight loss
- chronic diarrhea
- abdominal distension

30
Q

Celiac Disease Treatment

A
  • education
  • dietary change
31
Q

Celiac Disease RTP

A
  • no restriction
  • treat as symptoms appear
32
Q

Irritable Bowel Syndrome Cause

A

cause unknown (affects people in their 20s by stress and heredity)

33
Q

Irritable Bowel Syndrome S&S

A
  • diarrhea
  • constipation
  • upper abdominal bloating
  • urgency with bowel movements
34
Q

Irritable Bowel Syndrome Treatment

A
  • high fiber diets
  • stress management
  • laxatives, hyperosmotic agents, antiperistaltic agents, bismuth
35
Q

Hernia Cause

A

protrusion on the abdominal viscera through the abdominal wall

Caused by direct blow or repeated straining

36
Q

Hernia S&S

A
  • pain and discomfort
  • protrusion
37
Q

Hernia Treatment

A

referral

38
Q

Hemorrhoids Cause

A
  • painful swollen veins in the lower portion of the rectum or anus
  • commonly caused by straining during bowel movements or sitting for periods of time
39
Q

Hemorrhoids S&S

A
  • itching
  • anal pain
  • pain w/ sitting
  • bright red blood on toiler paper
  • bloody stool
  • hard tender lumps near anus
40
Q

Hemorrhoids Treatment

A
  • OTC corticosteroid creams
  • hemorrhoid cream w/ lidocaine
  • wear cotton underwear
  • avoid scratching
  • surgery
41
Q

Reyes Syndrome Cause

A

Occurring in children taking aspirin, have metabolic disorders, or are recovering from viral infections (affects the liver and brain)

42
Q

Reyes Syndrome S&S

A
  • diarrhea
  • rapid breathing
  • vomiting
  • severe fatigue
  • confusion
  • LOC
  • seizures
43
Q

Reyes Syndrome Treatment

A

Immediate referral

Gen Med (15 decks)

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