Respiratory Patho Flashcards
what is asthma and what causes it
reversible bronchospasm due to hypersensitivity of bronchi
-bronchial mucosa inflammation and contraction of bronchial smooth mm
presents with paroxysms of shortness of breath and wheezing worse at nights
What can be found in asthma sputum
Curschmann Spieles and Charcot leyden crystals
what is bronchiectasis and what is it due to
chronic dilation of bronchi due to bronchial obstruction by mucus plus
-copius foul smelling mucupurulant sputum early in mornings
what is kartageners syndrome and what is the triad of symptoms
immotile cilia
-chronic sinusitis
-bronchiectasis
-situs inversus
What is atelectasis and what is it caused by
collapse of or incomplete expansion of alveoli
compression- due to pleural effusion/pneumothorax
resorption- collapse due to obstructed branchus
contraction- due to interstitial fibrosis and loss of elastic recoil (tb)
What is emphysema
‘pink puffer’
-alveolar wall destroyed, loss of recoil, good oxygenation
-either smoking related or a1-antitrypsin def
Chronic bronchitis - pres and cause
‘blue bloater’ and tend to be overweight
-chronic cough>3m for atleast 2 years
What is lobar and bronchopneumonia
lobar- inflammation of a lobe with grey and red hepatization
bronchopneumonia- patchy inflammation of both lungs at base
what causes interstitial pneumonia (2)
mycoplasma or chlamydia pneumonia
when does pneumocystis juroveci pneumonia occur
opportunistic inf by pneumocystis jirovecia (AIDS pts)
mc organism causes of lung abscess
staph aureus and klebsiella pneumoniae
What is pneumoconiosis
occupational lung disease
what is sarcoidosis and what is it caused by
Type IV hypersensitivity run
-non caseous granulomas with epitheliod macrophages
-causes bilateral hilar lymphadeonopathy and pulmonary fibrosis- dyslexia and dry cough
what is a goon complex
peripheral goon focus with invokbement of regional lymph node (seen in primary TB)
what is the mc lung cancer
Bronchogenic carcinoma
