Nutritional/Renal Patho Flashcards
What is marasmus and kwashiorkor
marasmus- severe calorie def causing wasting
Kwashiorkor- severe pro def causing red hair , flaky paint dermatitis and ascites
What disease does vit b1 def cause and two types
Beriberi- seen in alcoholics, dietary def, anorexia, bulimia
Dry- B1 def causinging peripheral neuropathy
wet- heart failure
What is werknicke korsakoff syndrome due to and what does it cause
B1 def affecting brain
causes confusion, confabulation
What does vit B2 def cause
Riboflavin
Hyporiboflavinoissis
Cheiilosis (cracked lips)
Glossitis (sore tongue)
Seborrheic dermatitis
What does B3 (niacin) def cause
Pellagra
-Diarrhea
-Dermatitis
-Dementia
-Death
What does B9 def (folic acid ) cause (2)
Neural tube defects
megaloblastic anemia
What does B12 def cause
Pernicous anemia
-due to lack of intrincic factor secreted by the parietal cells
What does vit c def result in
scurvy
-Tisue hemorrhage with bleeding swollen gums + loose teeth
-Poor wound healing
-Impaired bone formation
what does Vit A def cause
nyctalopia (night blindness)
Xerophthalmia (dry eyes)
Keratomalcia (soft cornea)
what does vit D def in kids and adults result in
rickets in children
Osteomalacia in adults
what does vit e def cause
hemolytic anemia
-destruction of RBCs
What does iodine def cause
Myxedema (primary hypothyroidism) in adults, cretism in infants
what does iron def cause
microcytic, hypochromic anemia
-severe anemia, tongue is pale and smooth, spoon shaped nails
what does excessive iron absorption cause
hemochromatosis
Bronze skin
cirrhosis
diabetes
arthritis
errection probs
What does excessive copper absorption cause
Wilsons disease
Nephritic syndrome usually happens after what + pathology
post streptococcal inf
antigen-antibody complex damage glomeruli and complement system causes inflammation
End result of nephritic syndrome (what’s in urine)
causes leakage of RBCs (hematuria) and protein in urin (proteinuria)
-red blood cell casts in urin
-renal ischemia causes in hypertension activating renin-angiotensin causing edema due to increased hydrostatic pressure
What is nephrotic syndrome caused by
diabetes, SLE
-minimal change damage to the basement membrane
End result of nephrotic syndrome
Causes massive proteinuria >3.5g/day which results in hypoprotinemia in blood which decreases oncotic pressure and results in edam
What is pylenphritis caused by and what will u see microscopically
ascending e coli inf from cystitis
-causes WBC casts
What is a urinary tract inf mc caused by
E coli
WBC, Bac and nitrite usually found in urine
What is interstitial cystitis caused by and pres
Leakage of urin beneath the bladder epithelium
-presents w increased frequency and nocturne
-urinalysis shows WBC but no bac or nitrites
What is goodpastures syndrome and what does it target
affects the parenchyma of the kidney and lung
-antibodies against type IV collagen fibres
-presents w hemoptysis and hematri
Mc type of renal calculi
calcium oxalate (radiopaque)
