Endocrine Patho Flashcards
Gigantism vs Acromegaly
Gigamtism- die to excess GH before 18 years (overgrowth of tissues of entire body)
Acromegaly- after growth plate closed (protruding jaw, large hands/feet, visual disturbance)
What is Cushings disease and what are s/s
Excess ACTH (excess cortisol prod)
-moon face, buffalo hump, trucks obesity, herytension, purple straie
What is sheehans syndrome and what does it cause
inschemic necrosis of ant pituitary lobe following severe postpartum hemorrhage
-afterwords no secretions from ant lobe resulting in:
Amenorrhea
cessation of lactiation
loss of axillary and pubic har
What does hyperprolactinemia cause (3)
-secreting prolactin pituitary adenoma presenting w
–Galactorrhea (milky discharge)
–Amenorrhea (absent menstruation)
–Indertility
What is diabetes insidious due to
ADH deficiency
causes polyuria, polydispia, constant specific gravity <1.006
what is a primary vs secondary hypothyroidism
primary- High TSH, low t3/t4
Secondary- Low TSH, low T3/4
What are primary hypothyroidism and causes
Hashimotos- Anti thyroglobin antibodies
Ridels thyroiditis- lymphocytic fibrotic thyroid disease
What is a primary hyperthyroidism vs secondary hyperthyroidism
Primary- Low TSH, high T3/4
Secondary- High TSH, High T3/4
What is a example of a primary hyperthyroidism
Graves disease
autoimmune disorder where antibodies bind to TSH recepors
s/s- exophthalmos(bulging eyes), goitre (enlarged thryoid)
What does hyperthyroidism cause
Parathyroid adenoma
-hyper calcemia- fatigue
-brown bone cystes
What does hypoparathyroidism cause (+ how to test)
incidental removal of parathyroids
-causes hypocalcemia
-presents w tetany/mm twitching
Chvostek test- tapping fascial nerve in front of ear causes facial twitching
What is addisons disease
chronic under functioning of adrenal cortex
-low glucocorticoids and aldosterone
-hyperpigmentated skin creases/bronze skin
-low Na, low BP, High K and high ATCH
What is conns disease
Overfunctioning of zona glomerulosa (excess mineralocorticoids)
-low potassium, low renin, high BP
What is cushings syndrome
tumor of adrenal cortex (syndrome affects medulla where disease affects pituitary)
-truncal obesity, moon face, Buffalo hump, hyerptwension, hyperglycaemia, no hyperpigmentation though!
What is pheochromocytoma and what is the P symptoms
Adrenal medulla tumor
-palpations, perspiration, pressure headaches, periodic hypertension
