Hematology/immune Phys Flashcards
What makes up composition of the blood
hemocrat (45%)- RBC, WBC, Platelets
Plasma (55)- electrolytes, glucose, urea, protein
all blood cells come from what
pluripotential hemopoietic stem cells
what cell lines do lymphoid cells give rise to
B cells (activated in Bone marrow)
T cells (activated in the thymus)
what does the myeloid cell line give rise to (4 main categories)
erthroblasts (reticulocytes to adult rbc)
Granulocytes which develop into basophils, eosinophils and neutrophys
monocytes (macrophages)
megakaryocytic (to platelets)
What are the granulocytes and agranulocytes
Granulocytes- basophils, eosonophils, neutrophils
agranulocytes- lymphocytes and monocytes
What are the two pathways of blood clotting and which are each activated by
Vascular damage- activates intrinsic path
Tissue damage- activates extrinsic path
What is the steps of intrinsic path
Factor XII activates Factor XI
Factor XI activates Factor IX
Factor IX activates Factor VIII which activates Factor X (common)
What is the steps of the extrinsic pathway up to the common factor
Factors VII is activated by damage
VII activates factor X
What happens after the common factor
Factor X converts prothrombin to thrombin
Thrombin converts fibrinogen to fibrin
FIBRIN forms the clot
What does compliment activation produce for activities
OIL CAN
Opsonization
Inflammation
Lysis
Chemotaxis
Agglutination
Neutralization
what compliments do what
C3a, C4a, C5a- inflammation (Anaphylaxis)
C3b- opsonization (phago)
C5b/6/7/8/9b- lysis (membrane attack)
C5a- chemotaxis
where do b lymphocytes mature and what do they make
Involved in generation of humeral immunity
-mature in bone marrrow
-make antibodies in form of immunoglobulins
What do t lymphocytes do and where do they mature
Mature in thymus
-inolved in cell mediated immunity
-through production of activated t lymphocytes
Where do t cells differentiate
in thymus where they differentiate in CD8 or CD4 t cells
What are CD8 t cells
Become cytotoxic killa t cells
