Reproductive phys Flashcards
Where is spermatozoa produced (what influences)
in seminipherous tubules under the influence of test which is secreted by interstitial cells of leydig
How are leydig cells influenced
by LH
Where does test act on
Sertoli cells found in seminiferous tubules
Where do sperms mature
Mature in epididymis
What is capacitation of sperm (where does it happen)
Process of transforming sperm so that they have capacity to penetrate the corona radiate which surrounds ovum
Occurs in femalese genital tract
Proliferative phase- what happens and what is it under infuse of
residual base layer of uterine endometrium regensunder influence of estrogen
(estrogen is secreasted by ovarian follicles under stim of FSH)
When does ovulation occur and what is stemmed
day 14 Graafian follicle matures and migrates to periphery
pre ovuatlory surge in LH
Luteal phase- what happens
Empy ovarian follicle becomes corpus lute which continues to secrete estrogen and begins to secrete progesterone
Progesterone will cause the regenerated uterine endometrium to become secretory in prep for fertilization
Menstrual phase- what happens, what happens to hormones
if fertilization dont occur, corpus luteum dies and progesterone drops
-menstration occurs
where does fertalization typically occur
Ampulla
What allows for sperm to penetrate corona radiata and zona pellicoda
hyaluronic acid in the acrosome on the head
what happens on day 7 of implantation
Blastocyct makes contact w endometrial lining of the uterine cavity and develops into embryo blast
What does the embryo blast develop into
inner call mass and outer cell mass
what is the two layers of inner cell mass
outer (epiblast) becomes ectoderm
Inner (hypoblast) becomes endoderm
later third layer becomes mesoderm
what is the outer cell mass
becomes the trophoblast which later becomes placenta
what are the two layers the trophoblast
outer (syncytiotrophoblast)- secretes HCG (signals early stages of preg)
Inner (cytotrophoblast)
What 4 hormones does the placenta produce
Estrogen- contributes to uterine growth, uterine vascular and proliferation of ducts in maxillary
Progesterone- prepares endometrium for implantation, inhibits uterine contraction, inhibits t cell activity and prepares breast for lactation
Relaxin effects- relaxes pelvic ligs
Human chorionic somatommamotropin- development of breast
What does estrogen + progesterone do for lactation
Estrogen- proliferation of mammary ducts
Progesterone- prepares acini for milk synthesis
what does milk synthesis depend on
prolactin (inhibited during preg by high estrogen)
What does stim of nipple stim
oxytocin which causes myoepithelial cells around the glandular tissue in the breast to contract causing milk let down reflex
