Renal phys Flashcards
two types of nephrons+ percentage
Cortical- 80%
junta medullary - 20%
What are the 2 hormones secreted by the kidney
Erythropoietin and renin
What are hormones that act of kidney ((5)
ADH
Aldosterone
ANP
1,25 dihydroxycholecalciferol
parathyroid hormone
How much of the cardiac output does the renal system use
20% (1L/min)
what is the net force thru the glomerulus after opposing forces
positive net pressure of 10mmhg
What are filtered passively by the glomerulus(5)
Na, K, H, Ca, Glucose
What is reabsorbed actively by the renal system
Na, K, H, Ca, usea, glucose (by prox convoluted tubule)
What is the function of the prox convoluted tubule
resorbtion
-most bicarbonate/phosphate are reabsorbed here
–along w NA, K, Ca
-100% of glucose reabsorbed here
What are the parts of the loop of hence and what happens there
thin desending- permeable to water and impermeable to aura (concentrates urine)
thick acesnding part- impermeable to water
dista convoluted tubule (+ what acts on it)
is involved in Na, Cl, H20 and Ca reabsorption
(aldosterone acts here to facilitate Na resorbtion)
where does 1,25 duhydroxycholecelciforol act on
acts on DCT to facilitate Ca resorption and PO4 secretion
Where does ADH act on and what does it do
mainly acts on receptors in the cells of the collecting ducts and increase water permeability which allows more water to be reabsorbed
Which hormones does the kidney produce and why
Erythropoietin (by interstitial cells in cortex) in response to hypoxia
Renin (by cells in juxtamerular apparatus) to response in drop in BP
how does nephron detect drop in renal blood flow
drop in renal blood flow results in decrease NaCl delivery to the macula densa in the DCT near afferent and efferent arterioles
What is released once macula densa reacts to drop in BP
secretes renin from cells of the juxtamerular cells which causes angiotensinogen which is secreted by liver to change to angiotensin I
Angiotensin I converts to angiotensin II by ACE in lungs
Angiotensin II is powerful vasoconstrictor and sims Aldosterone (which takes in NaCl and thus water)
What is ADH secrectreted by, what does it act on and do
secreted by supra optic nucleus
acts on collecting ducts and causes resorbtion of water
What is ANP produced by , act on and do
Produced by stretch of atrial fibres
-causes decreased NA resorbtion resulting in increased urne prod
What is a volitle vs non volatile acid
volitile- produced when CO2 reacts with H20 to form carbonic acid
Non volatile- include sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, lactic acid and hydrobutyrate
if body is producing too much non volatile acids (metabolic acidosis) what will happen
Lungs- will bow off water and COs thru hyper ventiation
If lungs are underfunctiong, volatile acids (CO2) willl e retained causing respiratory acidosi
-how will kidneys compensate
be excreting excess H or increasing HCO3 resorbtion
If excess hydrogen is lost (vomit/diuretics) metabolic alkalosis results- how will lungs react
decreasing excretion of CO thru hypoventilation
IF too much Co2 is blown off by lungs respiratory alkalosis happens- how will kidneys react
decreasing H excretion and HCO reabsorption
