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ACNP REVIEW > respiratory > Flashcards

respiratory Flashcards

1
Q

Fissures visible on chest x-ray

A

fluid overload

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2
Q

Most common community-acquired pneumonia pathogen

A

Strep. pneumoniae

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3
Q

Most common walking pneumonia pathogen

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

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4
Q

Diagnostics for pneumonia

A

Curb-65 and pneumonia severity index

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5
Q

Curb-65 criteria

A

Diagnostic tool for pneumonia: Confusion Urea > 7 mmol/L Resp. Rate > 30 Blood pressure SBP < 90 Age > 65

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6
Q

Pathogens most likely to cause HCAP

A

Staph aureus and pseudomonas

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7
Q

Single best manifestation indicative of pneumonia

A

new infiltrate on chest x-ray

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8
Q

Intervention that solely decreases mortality in critical COPD patients

A

noninvasive positive pressure ventilation

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9
Q

pneumonia hides normal borders and structures

A

silhouette sign

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10
Q

Criteria for pneumonia

A

2 out of 3 of the following:

hypo/hyperthermia

leukocytosis/penia

purulent secretions

and new lung infiltration CXR

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11
Q

Treatment regimen for active TB

A

RIPE

Rifampin

INH (isoniazide)

Pyrazinamide

Ethambutol

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12
Q

Defintion of Asthma

A
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13
Q

Ominious signs with asthma attack

A
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14
Q

Asthma symptoms < 2 days/week

A
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15
Q

Asthma symptoms > 2days/week but not daily

A
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16
Q

Asthma symptoms daily

A
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17
Q

asthma symptoms throughout the day

A
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18
Q

nighttime awakenings due to asthma < 2x/month

A
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19
Q

Nighttime awakenings due to asthma 3-4x/month

A
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20
Q

Nighttime awakenings due to asthma >1x/week but not nightly

A
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21
Q

Nighttime awakenings due to asthma often 7x/week

A
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22
Q

Mild COPD

A
23
Q

Moderate COPD

A
24
Q

Severe COPD

A
25
Q

Very Severe COPD

A
26
Q

Key indicators for diagnosis of COPD

A
27
Q

Assessment findings with emphysema

A
28
Q

Assessment findings with chronic bronchitis

A
29
Q

Lab assessment findings with COPD

A

Hypokalemia, hypochloremia, increased serum bicarb

These are venous findings consistent with CO2 retention

30
Q

5 mm induration of PPD is positive

A
31
Q

10mm induration of PPD is positive

A
32
Q

15mm induration of PPD is positive for

A
33
Q

Screening for prioir TB treatment

A
34
Q

hallmark diagnosis of pneumonia

A

Lung consolidation via chest xray or physical exam (auscultation, dullness to percussion, egophony, tactile fremitus)

35
Q

Treatment of pneumonia is previously healthy pt. no abx use

A
36
Q

Treatment of pneumonia with comorbidities or use of abx in past 3 months

A
37
Q

Treatment of pneumonia in ICU pt.

A
38
Q

Treatment of pnuemonia in ICU pt with pseudomonas risk (ventilator or immunocompromised)

A
39
Q

Treatment of pneumonia in ICU patient with MRSA

A
40
Q

Curb-65 criteria for hospitalization of pneumonia

A
41
Q

Clinical diagnostic criteria of ARDS

A
42
Q

Most common causative organism for pneumonia in HIV pts

A
43
Q

These drugs helps prevent nosocomial pneumonia

A

Sucralfate (Carafate) - does not change the pH of the gastric content, therefore if it is aspirated, there typically are not bugs in this content to cause a pneumonia

One of the most common causes of nosocomial pneumonia is aspiration of gastric contents

44
Q

Mechanism of hypoxemia in PE

A
45
Q

Kerley’s lines on chest x-ray

A
46
Q

Redistribution of flow in pulmonary vasculature on chest x-ray

A

Chronic CHF

47
Q

X-ray findings of COPD pt.

A
48
Q

Whittening of the terminal airspaces

A
49
Q

Gold standard of diagnosis for Pulmonary HTN

A
50
Q

highest risk factor for developement of DVT

A
51
Q

Lung disease characterized by reduced airflow rates

A
52
Q

Lung disease characterized by reduce volumes

A
53
Q

Lights Critera for Exudative Pleural Effusion

A

One or more of the following:

Pleural fluid protein to serum protein ratio >0.5
Pleural fluid LDH to serum LDH ratio >0.6
Pleural fluid LDH >2/3 (0.6) the upper limit of normal serum LDH (200-300)

ACNP REVIEW (32 decks)

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