Misc. Flashcards
most common causes of infectious fever in the acute care setting
bacteria and fungus
neutrophils
fights bacterial infection
60% of differential
lymphocytes
fight viral infections
30% of differential
monocytes
clear cellular debris
eosinophils
worms, wheezes, weird diseases (allergic responses, parasitic infections)
3% of differential
basophils
role undetermined
0-1% of differential
left shift
suggests bacterial infection
neutrophils >70%
Absolue neutrophil count >7000
Bands >4% or 400
risks of fever
double cardiac requirement
uncomfortable and may inhibit mobility
teratogenic
rapid temp rise precipitates seizure
benefits of fever
kills most infectious organisms
augments the inflammatory response; accelerates it
improves survival in animal studies
infectious fever pattern
lowest in the morning, climbs throughout the day, highest in the middle of the night
drug fever pattern
tends to be higher and stay higher, does not exhibit the diurnal pattern
calories needed to maintain body weight
30-35kcal/kg body weight
enteral nutritional support
use nasoenteric tube if support is needed for 6 weeks, use enterostomal tube
parenteral support
2 wks use central vein (TPN - highest glucose D50)
complications of nutritional support
Complications of nutritional support Enteral - diarrhea; usually related to the solution
Parenteral - usually related to delivery; pneumothorax from line placement, line infection, etc.
hyponatremia
most common electrolyte imbalance < 135
Isotonic hyponatremia
Na is low, but osmolality is normal (270-290)
Most common with hyperlipidemia (>1000-1500 mg/dl) and
hyperproteinemia (>12-15 g/dl - seen in multiple myeloma)
Body water is normal, pts. are asymptomatic