Infectious Disease Flashcards
Uses for Bactrim (TMP/SMX)
Tree: respiratory tree (S. pneumonia & H. Influenzae) otitis media, bronchitis, and pneumonia
Mouth: GI diarrhea such as shigella, salmonella, and E. Coli
Pee: GU UTI, prostatitis, urethritis caused by E. Coli
Syndrome: AIDS/HIV covers PJP pneumonia
Common pathogens for central line infections
Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus, S. Aureus, enterococci, candida
Common pathogens for CAP
S. pneumoniae, H. Influenzae, M. catarrhalis, Klebsiella, E. Coli
Common pathogens for HAP
Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, E. Coli, Klebsiella
Common pathogens for cellulitis
Strep. pyogenes and staph. aureus (often MRSA)
tertiary: S. pneumoniae and beta hemolytic strep
Viral URI pathogens
Influenza, RSV, rhinovirus, coronavirus, metapneumonia virus
TB treatment
Initial: RIPE for 6 months
Rifampin, Isonizide (INH), Pyroxidine, Ethambutol
Relapsed: Rifampin or INH for 9 months - 1 year
Aminoglycosides
Amikacin
Gentamicin
Tobramycin
SE: ototoxicity
Amphenicol
Chloramphenicol
Tox: agranulocytosis; kids: mitochondrial syndrome
Carbapenem
Beta-lactam
Ertapenem
Meropenem
Imipenem
Avoid in pts. with seizures
Cephalosporins
Beta-lactam
First Generation Cephalosporin
Cefazolin
Cephalexin
Good gram (+) coverage
Second Generation Cephalosporin
Cefuroxime
Cefoxitin
Third Generation Cephalosporin
Ceftriaxone
Cefotaxime
Cefdinir
Ceftazadime
Fourth Generation Cephalosporin
Cefepime
Covers pseudomonas good gram (-)
Monobactam
Aztreonam
Gram (-) only, used in PCN/cephalosporin allergy
PCN
Nafcillin
Oxacillin
Piperacillin
SE: interstitial nephritis
Fluoroquinolones
Ciprofloxacin
Levofloxacin
Moxifloxacin
SE: tendonitis/rupture
Glycopeptides
Vancomycin
Gram (+)
SE: red man syndrome
Glycylcine
Tigecycline
Skin and soft tissue infections
SE: GI upset, INCREASED MORTALITY RISK, intractile N/V
Lincosamides
Clindamycin
SE: C.Diff
Lipopeptide
Daptomycin
Gram (+), poor lung penetration
SE: myopathy/rhabdo
Macrolide
Erythromycin
Clarithromycin
Azithromycin
Tox: QT prolongation
PCN combination
Ampicillin/sulbactam (unasyn)
Amoxicillin clavulanate (Augmentin)
Pipericillin/Tazobactam (Zosyn)
Streptogramins
Quinupristin/dalfopristin
Tox: myalgia (joint pain)
Sulfonamides
Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethroprim (Bactrim)
SE: liver/renal toxicity, allergies
Tetracyclines
Doxycycline
SE: sun sensitivity, pill esophagitis
Minocycline
SE: blue skin changes, loss of balance
Pseudomonal coverage
Aminoglycosides Meropenem Imipenem Ceftazadime Cefepime Aztreonam Pipericillin Ciprofloxacin Polymixins
MRSA coverage
Ceftaroline Vancomycin Tigecycline Daptomycin Quinupristin Linezolid
VRE coverage
Tigecycline
Daptomycin
Linezolid
Beta-Lactams
Carbapenems
Cephalosporins
Monobactams
Penicillins
