Oncology Flashcards
Horner’s Syndrome
nerve pathway disruption causing decreased pupil size, drooping eyelid, and decreased sweating on affected side of face
D/T stroke
Diagnostic criteria for multiple myeloma
Bone Marrow plasma cell > 10% Biopsy proven plasmacytoma Presence of serum/urine M-protein And CRAB Calcium > 11.5 Renal impairment creat > 2 Anemia Hgb <10 or 2 g/dL below normal Bone lesions
Monoclonal Gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) definition and management
< 3 g M spike
< 10% bone marrow plasma cells and
No anemia, bone lesions, hypercalcemia or renal failure
Management: observation
Smoldering myeloma diagnostics and management
M spike > 3 g/dL
BM plasma cell >10%
No CRAB
Common CNS complication of cancer
Cauda equina syndrome
Cauda equina syndrome definition and management
Med/Surg emergency
Affects nerves L1-5 and S1-5
Saddle anesthesia
Disruption of bowel and bladder function
Management: surgery, steroids, radiation
SVC syndrome
Tumor presses on superior vena cava causing swelling of face, neck, and/or arms. venous distention of axillary, subclavian and jugular veins. Persistent cough, SOB, hoarseness, swelling around the eyes,
Trx: relieve obstruction, radiation, supportive measures, O2, steroids
IVC syndrome
Vascular complication d/t to cancer causing clot in IVC showing tachycardia and lower extremity edema
Most common malignancy for female’s surviving Hodgkin’s lymphoma
breast cancer
Differential diagnoses for lymphadenopathy
CHICAGO Cancers Hypersensitivity syndromes Infections Connective tissue disorders Atypical lymphoproliferative disorders Granulomatous lesions Other
Hodgkin’s lymphoma risk increases 3 fold due to this exposure
Ebstein Barr Virus
FISH
Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization
Can diagnose CML, ALL, and Down’s
Used to diagnose, evaluate progress and remission
Doxorubicin (Cyclophasphamide in R-CHOP) side effect and treatment of side effect
Irritation to the lining of bladder causing Hemorrhagic cystitis (hematuria)
Treatment: stop medication, continuous bladder irrigation, pain meds, blood transfusions
Risk for anti-angiogenesis agents (Bevacizumab)
prevents cancer from accessing new vasculature
Side effect: perforation, ileus, bleeding
Musculoskeletal complication of cancer and treatment
Bone metastasis and hypercalcemia
Trx: biphosphonates (Alendronic or Zoledronic acid) and treatment of hypercalcemia
(IV fluids, calcitonin)
