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ACNP REVIEW > Random Topics > Flashcards

Random Topics Flashcards

1
Q

Condition that causes leukopenia, specifically neutropenia

A

Felty syndrome as a part of Rheumatoid Arthritis

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2
Q

Anxiety causing hyperventilation leading to respiratory alkalosis can cause symptoms such as

A

“stocking glove paresthesia”, numbness/tingling in hands/feet, may cause

Treatment: calm patient, correct hyperventilation

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3
Q

When calculating total body surface area of burns, you do not include:

A

First degree burns

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4
Q

When a patient is exposed to tetanus, you must treat with:

A

Tetanus Immune Globulin (TIG) 250 U for immediate danger and Tdap 0.5 cc for long term coverage
Td booster every 10 years

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5
Q

Recent head injury, with low urine specific gravity ~1.000, and normal glucose reveals a diagnosis of:

A

Diabetes Insipidus

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6
Q

Cause of hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, low glucose is a constellation of what disorder:

A

adrenocorticol insufficience

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7
Q

An important complication of inadequately treated hyponatremia would be:

A

cerebral edema

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8
Q

Milk-alkali syndrome is caused by:

A

use of antacids for osteoporosis leading to hypercalcemic nephropathy. Symptoms include constipation, polyuria, and hypercalcemia.
First line treatment: stop antacids

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9
Q

Non-Hodgkins lymphoma characteristic

A

Painless lymphadenopathy

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10
Q

What type of cells are present in Hodgkins lymphoma?

A

Reed-sternberg cells

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11
Q

What is present in myeloblastic leukemia that is not present in lymphoblastic leukemia?

A

Philadelphia chromosomes

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12
Q

Treatment of Uremia-induced coagulopathy

A

DDAVP

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13
Q

Disseminated intravascular coagulation S/S

A

bleeding or clotting

hemostasis disturbances, easy bruising and petechiae on mucosal membranes

thrombocytopenia, hypofibrinogenemia, decreased RBC, increased fibrin degradation, prolonged PT and PTT

Infection and sepsis predispose to DIC

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14
Q

Diagnosis of sickle cell anemia

A

Hgb electrophoresis

Sickledex can identify sickle cell trait/anemia, but does not differentiate between the two

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15
Q

When to transition a DKA patient from IV insulin to SSI

A

When glucose 15

venous pH >7.3

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16
Q

Instrumental ADLs include

A 
Activities that people do once they are up, dressed, put together. These tasks support an independent life style. Many people can still live independently even though they need help with one or two of these IADL’s. Including:
cooking
driving
using the telephone or computer
shopping
keeping track of finances
managing medication
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17
Q

ADLs

A

Activities of daily living are the tasks that are required to get going in the morning:

  • walking
  • bathing
  • dressing
  • toileting
  • brushing teeth
  • eating
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18
Q

Type of Dialysis that does not remove toxins from the blood

A

Dry ultrafiltration

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19
Q

Indications to Change anti-retroviral therapy in AIDS

A
    • Decrease in 25% of CD4 count despite 6 months of therapy
    • Viral Load increase or above 10K despite treatment therapy for last 6 months
    • Opportunistic Infection
20
Q

Goal of HIV therapy

A

Immune Reconstitution

21
Q

Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (IRIS) or Immune Recovery Syndrome

A

The immune system begins to recover, but then responds to a previously acquired opportunistic infection with an overwhelming inflammatory response that paradoxically makes the symptoms of infection worse

At risk: AIDS patients, first HAART therapy (typically 1-3 months after the start)

Most common pathogens: M. tuberculosis and Cryptococcal meningitis; MAY DELAY TREATMENT WITH THESE ORGANISMS DUE TO INCIDENCE OF IRIS

Make sure this is not just a bad infection

Treatment- supportive and treat underlying infection

22
Q

Self-Management must include

A
    • Basic information about their disease
    • Understanding of an assistance with self-management skill building
    • Ongoing support from members of the practice team, family, friends, and community

Includes: medical, role, and emotional management
NOT FINANCIAL

23
Q

Six Sigma

A

Quality improvement plan characterized by limiting variability and removing defects in a process

24
Q

Complementary therapy included in TPN to reduce length of stay

A

Fish Oil (Put in Lipids)

25
Q

Conivaptan in SIADH mechanism of action

A

Vasopressin receptor antagonist

26
Q

High pressure alarm after intubation can mean

A

Main stem intubation

27
Q

Absence of physiologic cup can mean

A

increased ICP

28
Q

COBRA insurance

A

allows people to keep health insurance after leaving employment

Loss of coverage due to non-payment or termination due to misconduct

Divorced spouse can still receive benefits

29
Q

Most common place for elder abuse

A

community dwelling elders >65

30
Q

Balance assessment test

A

Tinetti test

31
Q

Greatest barrier to adherence of HIV meds

A

Tolerance

32
Q

What does not designate a decision maker

A

Living Will

Durable POA, health care proxy, and guardianship all designate a decision maker

33
Q

Highest suspicion for opiate seeking behavior if patient

A

states an allergy to NSAIDs

34
Q

Most important factor in evaluation of a seizure

A

is eyewitness of the event

35
Q

Normal age related changes

A

temporal wasting, thinning hair, dry hyperpigmented skin

36
Q

Most successful teaching strategy for smoking cessation is

A

explaining how smoking increases risk of MI

37
Q

When to get a Neph consult

A

when renal replacement anticipated in 1 year

38
Q

Evidence-based literature does not need

A

to include outcomes of control/intervention

39
Q

All adults screened for depression

A

if systems in place for treatment and follow-up

40
Q

Acupuncture has

A

demonstrated utility in post-op pain management

41
Q

Leading causes of death in US

A
  1. Heart Disease
  2. Cancer
  3. Chronic lower respiratory disorders
  4. Accidents
  5. Stroke
42
Q

Safest way to prescribe

A

electronic prescribing

43
Q

Elements of informed consent

A

know procedure
know risks/benefits
know alternatives

44
Q

Restraints for the elderly due to what act

A

Omnibus Reconciliation Act

45
Q

Best driving evaluation in the elderly

A

Clock drawing test and rail making test

Testing performance and cognition

46
Q

Pulmonary HTN indices

A

RV dilation
increased hillier/thoracic ratio
RV hypertrophy
R wave: S wave ratio 1 in v1

ACNP REVIEW (32 decks)

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