Resp

Question 1

When stepping down asthma treatment what should you do?

Answer 1

Reduce the ICS by 25-50%

Question 2

What are the common features of a lung abscess presentation?

Answer 2

Symptoms develop over weeks, systemic symptoms, productive cough with foul-smelling sputum, some haemoptysis, chest pain, dyspnoea

Question 3

What are the X-Ray signs of a lung abscess?

Answer 3

fluid-filled space within an area of consolidation, air-fluid level

Question 4

What is the management of a lung abscess?

Answer 4

IV Abx
percutaneous drainage if not resolving

Question 5

What is FEV1?

Answer 5

The total volume of air someone is able to exhale in the first second of forced expiration

Question 6

What is FVC?

Answer 6

The total volume of air that can be exhaled by the person in one breath

Question 7

What is the FEV1/FVC ratio like in obstructive diseases?

Answer 7

Low (FEV1 is low but the total volume of air the lungs can hold is the same, they just have issues getting it out)

Question 8

What is alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency?

Answer 8

A genetic condition that classically causes emphysema

Question 9

What are the causes of upper zone lung fibrosis?

Answer 9

CHARTS
- coal workers pneumoconiosis, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, ankylosing spondylitis, radiation, tuberculosis, silicosis/sarcoidosis

Question 10

What is the most common type of lung cancer in non-smokers?

Answer 10

Adenocarcinoma

Question 11

What are the most common types of lung cancer in smokers?

Answer 11

adenocarcinoma, small cell and squamous cell

Question 12

Which type of lung cancer is associated with gynaecomastia?

Answer 12

Adenocarcinoma

Question 13

Which type of lung cancer is most associated with finger clubbing?

Answer 13

squamous cell

Question 14

What is a pancoast tumour?

Answer 14

A tumour at the apex of the lung

Question 15

What are the features of a pancoast tumour?

Answer 15

Persistent hoarse voice, smoking history, malaise, weight loss

Question 16

What score is used to decide if a PE can be managed in outpatients?

Answer 16

Pulmonary embolism severity index (PESI)

Question 17

What is a common complication of steroid inhaler use?

Answer 17

Oral/oesophageal candidiasis (painful swallowing)

Question 18

What is the management of extrinsic alveolitis?

Answer 18

e.g. farmers lung/pigeon fanciers lung
Avoid triggers,
oral glucocorticoids

Question 19

What is the most common cause of resp infections in COPD patients?

Answer 19

Haem flu (most common), step pneumonia