infectious diseases Flashcards
How long does a full course of tetanus last for?
10 years from last dose
What do you do if someone has a high risk wound and their last tetanus jab was >10 years ago?
tetanus booster
tetanus IgG
How many doses of tetanus injections do you require for life-long protection?
5
What is the treatment for latent TB?
3 months of isoniazid, pyridoxine and rifampicin
or
6 months of isoniazid with pyridoxine
What should you do before getting a BCG vaccine?
a Mantoux test - if they may have been exposed
What are contraindications to the BCG vaccine?
Previous vaccine, past TB, HIV, pregnancy
What is the causative organism of lyme disease?
Borrelia burgdorferi
What is the management of confirmed lyme disease?
Doxycycline or amoxicillin if pregnant
if disseminated disease - ceftriaxone
When can someone go back to school after scarlet fever?
24hrs after starting antibiotics
Do all contacts of meningococcal meningitis need abx prophylaxis?
Yes, irrespective of vaccine status, should have a single dose of ciprofloxacin
What is the management of shingles?
Acyclovir within 72 hours of onset in most patients, unless mild and under 50
What is the first line management for chicken-pox exposure in pregnancy?
Check maternal blood for varicella zoster antibodies.
If none, oral aciclovir at day 7 to 14 after exposure
What are the features of foetal varicella zoster?
skin scarring, micropthalmia, limb hypoplasia, microcephaly and learning disabilities
What should be assessed before starting TB treatment?
Visual acuity
What are the common side effects of rifampicin?
hepatitis, orange secretions, flu-like-symptoms
