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Finals passmed > Pharmacology > Flashcards

Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

What is the mechanism of action of cocaine?

A

Blocks uptake of dopamine, noradrenaline and serotonin

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2
Q

What is the first line management of cocaine induced MI?

A

Benzodiazepines + GTN

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3
Q

What is the mechanism of action of sildenafil?

A

Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (enzyme that regulates blood flow in the penis and lungs)

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4
Q

What medications can cause hyperkalaemia if given with potassium-sparing diuretics?

A

ACE-I

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5
Q

What type of medication is amiloride?

A

Potassium-sparing diuretics

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6
Q

What immune changes can clozapine cause?

A

Neutropenia due to agranulocytosis

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7
Q

What immune cell changes can prednisolone cause?

A

Neutrophilia (promotes neutrophil maturation), reduced eosinophils

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8
Q

Give an example of a natural and a pharmacological mineralocorticoid

A

Aldosterone
fludrocortisone

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9
Q

Give an example of a natural and pharmacological glucocorticoid

A

Cortisol
Hydrocortisone, prednisolone

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10
Q

What are the features of a tricyclic overdose?

A

Convulsions, altered mental state, widened QRS, dilated pupils, dry, hot skin

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11
Q

What can be given in a TCA overdose?

A

Sodium bicarbonate

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12
Q

What can be given in a benzodiazepine overdose?

A

Flumazenil

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13
Q

What are the features of an benzodiazepine overdose?

A

hypotension, bradycardia, respiratory depression and coma

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14
Q

What medication can be used to reverse the effects of DOACs?

A

Andexanet alfa (modified factor Xa protein)

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15
Q

Which antibiotics lower the seizure threshold?

A

Quinolones - cipro and levofloxacin

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16
Q

What are the side effects of rifampicin?

A

Hepatitis, orange secretions, flu-like symptoms

17
Q

What are the side effects of isoniazid?

A

Peripheral neuropathy, hepatitis, agranulocytosis

18
Q

What are the side effects of ethambutol?

A

optic neuritis - and colour blindness (stop meds if this occurs)

19
Q

What are the side effects of pyrazinamide?

A

hyperuricaemia, arthralgia, myalgia, hepatitis

20
Q

What is the mechanism of action of metoclopramide?

A

dopamine agonist (reduces nausea), crosses BBB and causes hyperprolactinaemia

21
Q
A

Finals passmed (19 decks)

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