public health and professionalism

Question 1

Do you have to send the GMC patient records even if the patient doesn’t consent?

Answer 1

Yes

Question 1

Do you need to tell the police of every gunshot wound and stabbing?

Answer 1

Yes

Question 2

What are the features of a case-control study?

Answer 2

Observation and retrospective, comparing two groups

Question 3

What are the features of a cohort study?

Answer 3

Identification of a group of people based on their exposure to to a risk factor and following them over time to see who develops the outcome

Question 4

How do you work out a likelihood ratio for a positive test result?

Answer 4

sensitivity / (1 - specificity)

Question 5

How do you work out the likelihood ratio for a negative test result?

Answer 5

(1 - sensitivity) / specificity

Question 6

Which medications can be used to help people stop smoking?

Answer 6

• varenicline (take 1 week before stopping, for 12 weeks, nicotinic partial agonist)
• bupropion (take 1-2 weeks before stopping, nicotinic antagonist)
• nicotine replacement

Question 7

What is lead-time bias?

Answer 7

When two tests for a disease are compared, the new test diagnoses the disease earlier so it looks like the prognosis is longer, but it has no effect on the outcome of the disease

Question 8

What is the Hawthorne effect?

Answer 8

A group changes its behaviour due to the knowledge that it is being studied