research methods- self-report design Flashcards
how do you write good questions for questionnaires?
-avoid jargon
-avoid double-barrelled
-avoid leading qs
what is a closed question?
-respondent has limited choices
what type of data is a close q?
-data tends to be quantitative e.g. How many cigarettes do you smoke a day? 1-10, 11-20, 21-30, 30+
-but be qualitative, e.g. Do you smoke? yes/no, and then convert to quantitative
evaluate closed questions
+easier to analyse
-responses are restricted
ao3 of closed qs: easier to analyse
-can produce graphs and charts for comparison
-makes it easier to draw conclusions
ao3 of closed qs: responses are restricted
-forced into an answer that may not represent true feelings
-may reduce the validity of the findings
what are open questionss?
respondent provides own answers expressed in words
what type of data do open questions produce?
tends to be qualitative e.g. why do you start smoking?- would produce a range of personal answers
evaluate open questions
+responses not restricted
-difficult to analyse
ao3 of open question: responses not restricted
-answers more likely to provide detailed, unexpected info
-likely to have more external validity than statistics
ao3 of open question: difficult to analyse
-wider variety of answers that produced closed qs
-may be forced to reduce data to statistics
what is the interview schedule for designing interviews?
a standardised list of questions that the interviewer needs to cover, can reduce interviewer bias
what is the importance of quiet room for designing interviews?
will increase the likelihood that the interviewee will open up
what is the importance of rapport for designing interviews?
begin with neutral questions to make participants feel relaxed
what is the importance of ethics for designing interviews?
remind interviewees that answers will be treated in confidence
