Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Histology & Embryology > Reproductive Embryology > Flashcards

Reproductive Embryology Flashcards

1
Q

source of gonads (as far as tissue and location)

A

thickened area of mesoderm develops on the medial side of mesonephros creating a bulge in week 5 — the gonadal ridge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

indifferent gonads consist of

A

external cortex and internal medulla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

in XX embryo, cortex _____ and medulla ____

in XY embryo, cortex ______ and medulla _____

A

forms ovaries; regresses

regresses; forms testes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

gonads are indifferent until week ____

A

7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

originate in the wall of the umbilical vesicle and migrate to gonadal ridges

A

primordial germ cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

primordial germ cells invest into the _____ and eventually form ____ or _____

A

gonadal cords

oocytes or sperms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

directs gonad differentiaion

A

SRY gene for testis-determining factor (TDF)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

TDF induces ________ to condense and extend into the medulla of the indifferent gonads, to form _______

A

gonadal cords

rete testis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

thick, fibrous capsule that separates the gonadal cords from the surface

A

tunica albuginea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

form interstitial (Leydig) cells that secrete androgen testosterone at week 8

A

Seminiferous tubules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

where are sustenacular (Sertoli) cells and what do they do?

A

Seminiferous tubules

secrete mullerian inhibiting substance (MIS) aka antimullerian hormone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what does mullerian inhibiting substance do?

A

suppresses the formation of female structures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

forms efferent ductules which eventually connect to ductus epididymis

A

rete testis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

in ovary development, gonadal cords extend into medulla of ovary and form

A

rete ovarii

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

in ovary development, cortical cords extend from surface epithelium of developing ovary in to the underlying mesenchyme.

__________ move in.

cords create clusters called ________ which consists of an _______ surrounded by a singular layer of _________ from surface epithelium

active mitosis produces _________ before birth (many degenerate)

A

primordial germ cells

primordial follicles; oogonium; follicular cells

2 million primary oocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

2 pairs of ducts in both male and female embryos

________ develop i male

________ develop in female

A

Mesonephric (Wolffian) ducts

Paramesonephric (Mullerian) ducts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

in development of male genital ducts, fetal testes produce testosterone and MIS.

What do they do?

A

MIS - inhibits paramesonephric (Mullerian) duct formation

testosterone - stimulate mesonephric (Wolffian) duct formation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

the mesonephric ducts are transformed into _____ and _______ and smooth muscle invests and forms

A

efferent ductules and duct of epididymis

ductus deferens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Three male glands

A

Seminal vesicle

prostrate gland

bulbourethral gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

lateral outgrowth from caudal end of each mesonephric duct forms

A

seminal vesicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

endodermal outgrowths arise from the prostatic part of the urethra to form

A

prostrate gland

22
Q

develops from paired outgrowths from the spongy part of the urethra

A

bulbourethral gland

23
Q

paramesonephric ducts develop ______ from unfused cranial parts

A

uterine tubes

24
Q

caudal, fused portion of paramesonephric duct forms ______ which forms _____ and ______

A

uterovaginal primordium

uterus

superior portion of vagina

25
Q

in development of vagina, epithelium from ENDODERM of ________ contacts _________

A

urogenital sinus

uterovaginal primordium

26
Q

forms sinovaginal bulbs that fuse to form vaginal plate

A

sinus tubercle

27
Q

in vaginal plate, central cells break down to form ______

A

lumen of vagina

28
Q

persistent membrane formed by invagination of posterior wall of urogenital sinus

A

hymen

29
Q

external genitalia and undifferentiated up to week ___ and characteristics appear during week ____. Fully differentiated by week ____

A

7

9

12

30
Q

The genital tubercle forms in week 4 from mesenchyme, then what?

A

labioscrotal swellings and urogenital folds develop on either side.

tubercle elongates to form primordial phallus

31
Q

male external genitalia:

primordial phallus enlarges and elongates to form

A

penis

32
Q

male external genitalia:

urogenital folds form lateral walls of ______ on ventral surface of penis

folds fuse to form _____

A

urethral groove

spongy urethra

33
Q

male external genitalia:

at the ________ and ectodermal ingrowth extends inward to meet spongy urethra and canalizes

A

glans penis

34
Q

male external genitalia:

circular ectodermal ingrowth occurs in the periphery of the glans penis and forms the

A

prepuce (foreskin)

35
Q

male external genitalia:

mesenchyme in the phallus forms ________ and _______ erectile tissue

A

corpora cavernosa

corpus spongiosum

36
Q

male external genitalia:

labioscrotal swellings grow toward each other and fuse to form scrotum - this forms the

A

scrotal raphe line

37
Q

female external genitalia:

growth of phallus gradually decreases to form

A

clitorus

38
Q

urogenital folds do not fuse anteriorly, but form

A

labia minora

39
Q

labioscrotal folds do not fuse, but form

A

labia majora

40
Q

testes descend retroperineally from _____ to ______

A

posterior abdominal wall to deep inguinal rings

41
Q

descent of testes is induced by _____ by week _____ and takes ______ (length of time)

A

androgens by week 26

2 to 3 days

42
Q

the descending testes carry _____ and ______ with it while getting covered with

A

ductus deferens

vessels

layers of abdominal wall

43
Q

layers of abdominal wall:

transversalis fascia becomes

internal oblique muscle becomes

external oblique aponeurosis becomes

A

internal spermatic fascia

cremaster muscle and fascia

external spermatic fascia

44
Q

attached to uterus near the attachment of uterine tube, for descent of ovaries

A

gubernaculum

45
Q

the gubernaculum does NOT pull ovaries down. The cranial part becomes ____ and the caudal part becomes _____

A

ovarian ligament

round ligament

46
Q

undescended testes

A

cryptorchidism

47
Q

ambiguous genitalia (hermaphrodite no longer used)

A

intersex

48
Q

46, XX

error in sex determination giving both testicular and ovarian tissue; phenotype male or female but genitalia always ambiguous

A

ovotesticular DSD - true gonadal intersex

49
Q

inadequate production of testosterone and AMH by fetal testes, testicular development ranges from rudimentary to normal

A

46 XY DSD

50
Q

exposure of fetus to excessive androgens in utero - masculinization of external genitalia but no ovarian abnormality

A

46 XX DSD

51
Q

“testicular feminization syndrome”

failure of masculinization

A

androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS)

Histology & Embryology (24 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions