Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Histology & Embryology > Circulatory System > Flashcards

Circulatory System Flashcards

1
Q

Large arteries:

Medium arteries:

A

Elastic (conducting)

Muscular (distributing)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

arteries that:

  • contain more elastic fibers
  • conduct blood from heart to medium-sized arteries
A

large arteries (elastic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

arteries that:

  • have more smooth muscle and fewer elastic fibers
  • distribute blood to body
  • vasoconstrict and vasodilate
A

medium (muscular)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

very small arteries that deliver blood to capillaries

A

arterioles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

connect arterioles and venules

vessels for exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste

A

capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Vessel tunics (3)

A

tunica intima

tunica media

tunica adventitia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

vascular supply to large vessels

A

vasa vasorum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

surround capillaries with arm-like processes

help control flow of blood through the capillary and exchange of materials

A

pericytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

3 types of capillaries

A

continuous

fenestrated

sinusoidal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

capillaries with non-fenestrated endothelium

tightly controlled transport (found in BBB)

A

continuous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

capillaries with fenestrated epithelium

found in renal glomerulus

A

fenestrated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

capillaries with large lumen and leaky walls

found in spleen

A

sinusoidal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

layers of heart wall (4)

A

endocardium

myocardium

epicardium

pericardial sac

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

path of conduction through heart

A

SA node –> R atrium walls –> AV node –> bundle of His –> R & L bundle branches –> Purkinje fibers –> ventricle walls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

3 pairs of veins that bring blood to tubular (embryo) heart

A

vitelline veins

umbilical vein (1)

cardinal veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

remnants of cardinal veins form (5)

A 
superior VC
inferior VC
left brachiocephalic
azygos
common iliac veins
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

remnants of vitelline vein form (2)

A

hepatic vein

hepatic portal vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

3 paired arteries in development

A

dorsal aorta

vitelline arteries

umbilical arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

dorsal aorta fuse to form

A

abdominal aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

vitelline arteris form (3)

A

celiac artery trunk
superior mesenteric
inferior mesenteric

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

umbilical arteries supply _______ to placenta and proximal parts become ________

A

deoxygenated

internal iliac arteries

22
Q

late in week 3, _______ canalize to form two _________

A

angioblastic cords

endocardial tubes

23
Q

when embryo undergoes lateral folding the endocardial tubes become

A

one heart tube

24
Q

5 dilations that appear in heart tube (cranial to caudal)

A 
truncus arteriosus
bulbus cordis
ventricle 
atrium
sinus venosus
25
Q

bend at junction of bulbus cordis and primitive ventricle that forms at 23 days

A

bulboventricular loop

26
Q

what leads to folding of the heart tube?

A

faster growth of the ventricle and bulbus cordis

27
Q

after heart folding, inflow is now _______ rather than _______ and outflow is now ______ rather than ________

A

posterior; caudal

anterior; cranial

28
Q

blood flow through primitive heart

A

sinus venosus –> primordial atrium –> atrioventricular canal –> primordial ventricle –> bulbus cordis –> truncus arteriosus –> aortic sac –> aortic arches

29
Q

sinus venosus becomes

A

coronary sinus and smooth inflow of RA

30
Q

primordial atrium becomes

A

L auricle and rough part of RA

31
Q

bulbus cordis becomes

A

conus arteriosus (RV) and aortic vestibule (LV)

32
Q

truncus arteriosus becomes

A

aorta and pulmonary trunk

33
Q

major points of atrial division

A

foramen primum - opening between common atrium
septum primum - first membrane to form
foramen secundum - develops from septum primum
septum secundum - grows to right side of septum primum; grows to form flap valve with septum primum
foramen ovale
fossa ovalis

34
Q

flap valve that allows some fetal/embryo blood to bypass the RV

A

foramen ovale

35
Q

left atrium forms from

A

incorporation of the pulmonary vein on the posterior surface of the left side of the primitive atrium

36
Q

what fuses to form aorticopulmonary septum?

A

bulbar ridges and truncal ridges

37
Q

bending of heart tube to the left instead of right

A

dextrocardia

38
Q

bending of heart tube to left WITH abdomen mirror image

A

dextrocardia with situs inversus

39
Q

heart partially or entirely exposed on surface of thorax

A

ectopia cordis

40
Q

most common atrial septal defect

A

patent oval foramen (foramen ovale remains open)

41
Q

results from failure of ridges and aorticopulmonary septum to develop normally.

most common is a single arterial trunk

A

persistent truncus arteriosus

(VSD always accompanies)

42
Q

4 defects of tetralogy of fallot

A

VSD
pulmonary stenosis
overriding aorta
RV hypertrophy

43
Q

edges of aortic valve fuse to form a dome, causing a heart murmur

A

aortic valve stenosis

44
Q

aortic blood shunted in pulmonary artery

A

patent ductus arteriosus

45
Q

fetal circulation

A

umbilical vein (oxy blood to heart) –> ductus venosus (shunt around liver to connect IVC) –> foramen ovale (shunt from RA to LA) –> ductus arteriosus (from pulm arteries to aorta) –> umbilical arteries (2) (from descending aorta to placenta)

46
Q

umbilical vein forms

A

ligamentum teres

47
Q

ductus venosus forms

A

ligamentum venosum (round ligament of liver)

48
Q

foramen ovale forms

A

fossa ovalis

49
Q

ductus arteriosus forms

A

ligamentum arteriosum

50
Q

umbilical arteries form

A

medial umbilical ligaments

Histology & Embryology (24 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions